字幕来源：网络
后期：Lee.
加长版补译：cartoonpig9 2022.6.24
在越南的最后一天
在我们着手考虑撤退的时候 As we began to contemplate evacuation,
问题是 最迫在眉睫的问题是 the question,the burning question was,
谁先走 "Who goes,
并且谁要留下 and who gets left behind?"
我借了一辆卡车 I borrowed a truck
给我的家人也基本都通知了消息 and I basically sent the signal to my folks,
这就意味着一帮子少校 and this meant a group of South Vietnamese majors,
中校们 上校们和他们的家人 lieutenant colonels,colonels and their families
得集中在西贡市中心那儿 to muster at an address in downtown Saigon.
西贡 前南越首都 今胡志明市
我开车到那儿 他们把东西装上上车 I drove down there,they loaded up onto the truck,
我载他们到空军基地 and I drove them to the airbase.
并且我还告诉他们 当你听到敲三下的时候 And I had told them,"When you hear three thumps,
就得把孩子的嘴护住 "that means hold the babies' mouths.
不要呼吸 不要说话 不要发出任何噪音 "Don't breathe,don't talk,don't make any noise
因为我们要过门房那块了 because we're going through the gatepost."
作为美国陆军部队的上尉 I saluted in uniform
我身着制服向他们敬礼 as a captain of the United States Army.
门卫挥手让我们通过 The guard waved me through,
我径直开往停机线那 and I drove straight out to the flight line
一架飞机正在等待着 to an aircraft that was awaiting.
一个越南上校把家人放上飞机 One Vietnamese colonel that was putting his family on the plane,
他自己想继续留下来保卫国家 he had wanted to stay in Vietnam to defend the country.
这个上校带着八个孩子和一个妻子 And this full colonel had,like,eight kids and a wife.
他泣不成声 家人们... And he was in tears,the family...
家人们也泣不成声 The family were in tears,
我对他说 上飞机吧 and I said to him,"Get on the plane.
快...走吧 "Just... go.
走吧 Go."
对每个人来说 那都是个令人极其难过 痛不欲生的 It was a terrible,terrible,terrible moral dilemma
道德困境 for everybody.
两年前
我们今天签署声明 结束越战 We today have concluded an agreement to end the war
把和平和尊严带到越南 and bring peace with honor in Vietnam.
1973年一月 巴黎和平协约签订 该协定主张南北越之间停火 同时撤出美军作战部队
我们已经通过了撤回 We have adopted a plan for the complete withdrawal
美军地面打击部队的计划 of all U.S. combat ground forces.
我们会把美国子民带回家 We are finally bringing American men home.
签署协议的我们 We who made the agreement
都认为这将不是 thought that it would be the beginning
亨利·基辛格 美国国务卿
从美国意义来说和平的开始 not of peace in the American sense,
而是共存时期的开始 but the beginning of a period of coexistence
这就会像是韩朝两国之间关系的演化 which might evolve as it did in Korea into two states.
南越 北越的关系也将会慢慢缓和 Reconciliation between North and South Vietnam
尽管这极其困难 we knew would be extremely difficult.
但我还是满怀希望 But I was hopeful.
因为巴黎合约的签订 Because of the Paris Agreement,
美国军人得以回家 American soldiers were going home.
但我要回越南了 But I was on my way back to Vietnam.
因为在1973年八月的第一周 I was assigned to Saigon
斯图尔特·赫林顿 军队上尉
我被分配到西贡市了 in the first week of August 1973,
所以大概在停火协议的六个月后 so about six months after the ceasefire.
我得奔走于国务院和CIA I would say that between the State Department people
的人之间 and CIA people,
维修基础设施的承包商 the contractors who were there to maintain infrastructure,
还有维修飞机的 maintain aircraft,
以及像我这样的人 as well as people like me,
整个国家有5000-7000个美国人 we had 5,000 to 7,000 Americans in country.
很多人交了越南女朋友做了妻子 A lot of the guys had Vietnamese girlfriends and wives,
还有很多生了小孩 in many cases with children.
基本来说 一切出奇的平静 In general,things were eerily calm
西贡也多数正常 and in many ways normal in Saigon.
我当时感觉我们到那之后 My sense was that we were gonna be there,
胡安·伐耳迪兹 大使馆警卫
你知道的 肯定相当长一段时间回不来 you know,pretty much for a long time to come.
我被分配到西贡的美国大使馆 I was assigned to the American embassy in Saigon.
我掌管 I was in charge
那儿的84名海军警卫 of the 84 Marine security guards that were there,
确保他们继续保持 making sure that they kept up
体能训练 with their physical fitness training.
我们在那保护美国子民 We were there to protect American lives
和美国的财产 as well as American property.
就是一个日复一日的工作 It was just a day-to-day job.
被分配到那的美国大使叫葛雷恩·马丁 The Ambassador there was a guy named Graham Martin,
和我一样 是个美北卡罗莱纳州人 a North Carolinian,just as I was.
弗兰克·斯耐普 中情局分析员
他说着一口慢吞吞的南方口音 He spoke with a slow Southern drawl.
他是个大好人 He was a great gentleman.
身着旧条纹衫 是个冷酷的勇士 He was a cold warrior in the old stripe.
在越南作战的时候他丧失了一个养子 He'd lost an adopted son in Vietnam to combat.
但他不会向南越的共产主义分子投降的 And he was not gonna give up South Vietnam to the Communists.
他保证了源源不断的 He was determined to keep U.S. aid
把美国的救援物资运往西贡 flowing into Saigon.
在1973年停火协定签订的时候 When the ceasefire occurred in 1973,
美国大使馆的每个人 everybody toasted it with Bloody Marys
都举杯血腥玛丽以庆祝 in the U.S. embassy.
那是一个盛大的派对 It was a grand party.
我们以为和平触手可及 We thought peace was at hand.
但巴黎和平协约充满了模棱两可的概念 But the Paris Peace Accord was a masterpiece of ambiguity.
为了使阮文绍总统和南越 In order to get President Thieu and the South Vietnamese
按照巴黎和约行事 to go along with the Paris Agreement,
尼克森总统尽最大努力 President Nixon pulled out all the stops,
给阮文绍总统写了一封信 and in a letter to President Thieu,
他承诺 如果北越 he promised that if the North Vietnamese
有任何违反巴黎和约 were to substantially violate
所签署的条文的行动 the terms of the Paris Agreement,
美军将予以全力打击 the United States would respond with full force.
也就是说 会再次对其作战 In other words,reenter the war.
北越视尼克森为狂人 The North Vietnamese viewed Nixon as a madman.
他们很是惧怕他 They were terrified of him.
他们相信 如果有必要的话 They believed that Nixon,if necessary,
尼克森肯定会动用美国空军力量 would bring back American air power.
但是在1974年八月 But in August 1974,he was gone.
尼克森因为水门事件辞职 Nixon resigned because of Watergate.
一夜之间 翻天覆地 And overnight,everything changed.
从河内到西贡的路突然被打通了 Hanoi suddenly saw the road to Saigon as being open.
1975年三月10号 北越对南越发动大规模攻击
南越人民 The South Vietnamese population
有充分的理由惧怕越共分子 had ample reason to fear the Vietnamese Communists.
整个战争期间 The Communist conduct throughout the course of the war
越共分子的行为都残酷无情 had been violent and unforgiving.
例如 当顺化市 For example,when the city of Hue
被北越军队占领之后 was taken over by the North Vietnamese,
一个长长的黑名单上 several thousand people on a long blacklist
有数千人被捕 were rounded up...
学校的老师们 政府公务员 Schoolteachers,government civil servants,
都认为是反共分子的人 people who were known anti-Communists...
都被处决了 And they were executed,
有的甚至被活埋 in some cases even buried alive.
所以恐惧就在毫厘之间 So panic was but a millimeter away.
成千上百的难民 Hundreds of thousands of refugees
只是盲目的想逃跑 are in a blind rush to flee even further
离迅速壮大的共产党越远越好 from the rapidly advancing Communists.
布鲁斯邓宁报告 Bruce Dunning reports.
阮文绍总统在广播中 President Thieu broadcast a strong appeal
向岘港的士兵与人民发出强烈呼吁 to the soldiers and the people of Da Nang,
鼓励他们留下来战斗 urging them to stay and fight.
我们的指挥很混乱
南越海军上尉
前一天 我们还在齐心协力保卫岘港
第二天 我们却得放弃它
随着敌军接近 恐慌使得人们 As the enemy approaches,the panic has swept
沿海城市的人群从大街小巷窜出来 from the coastal city's crowded backstreets and pagodas
涌往机场跑道 onto runways at the airport.
我们的飞机被包围了 Our plane is surrounded here.
不知道他妈的怎么才能快点逃离这儿 I don't know how the hell we're gonna get out.
我们从跑道上起飞 We're racing down the runway,
身后是成百上千的人 leaving behind hundreds and thousands of people.
很多人还在跑着 Another dozen of them running along,
抓住了飞机的舷梯 grabbing at the air stair.
我们想尽快的把他们拉上来 We're pulling them on as fast as we can.
但人海围过来 There's a sea of humanity jamming on.
根本无法阻止 Impossible to stop the crowd.
我们加快了速度 We're pulling away.
他们被甩在了后面 We're leaving them behind.
高度上升了之后 We're pulling up with the...
舷梯上的人掉了下去 People are falling off the air stairs!
飞机起飞了 The plane is taking off.
每个人都是为自己着想的 It was every man for himself.
所以你会看到南越士兵 So you saw the World Airways flight
劫持世界航空公司的飞机 being mobbed by South Vietnamese soldiers.
也能看到船上数以千计的难民 You saw ships with thousands of refugees,
其中不少是士兵 including lots of soldiers.
你能见到失控的恐慌 You saw out-of-control panic.
基本上所有的车船飞机 Basically any boats,trucks,airplanes,
只要是向南开的 or anything going south
都被想要出境的人群包围着 were besieged by people wanting to get onboard.
美国人走了 The Americans were gone,
因此 空中楼阁开始崩塌 and as a result,the house of cards began to collapse.
北越开始挑衅 The North Vietnamese decided to escalate,
挑衅 挑衅 再挑衅 escalate,escalate,escalate at every turn
来试探美国是否会回击 to see if the United States would react.
1975年4月 我陪同福特总统 In April of '75,I was with President Gerald Ford,
在空军一号上俯瞰这个国家 and we were flying across the country on Air Force One
这时一个机组成员 when one of the airplane's crew
走过来递给我一张纸条 comes and hands me a note,
罗恩·奈森 白宫新闻发言人
上面写道 岘港失陷 and it says,"Da Nang has fallen."
下了飞机之后 福特总统 Ford was bombarded by questions from the press
立刻被记者的问题炮轰了 after he got off Air Force One.
大约15万到17万 Around 150,000 to 175,000
训练有素的北越正规军队 well-trained North Vietnamese regular forces
打破了巴黎协议 in violation of the Paris Peace Accords
开进了南越 moved into South Vietnam.
我们反对这种侵略行为 We have objected to that violation.
这样的结果是一个难以置信的悲剧 It's a tragedy unbelievable in its ramifications.
我们陷入危机中 We are now in a crisis.
一大波难民正在袭来 We had a wave of humanity:
50万难民正朝着西贡奔涌而来 500,000 refugees rolling,rolling south towards Saigon,
他们身后是16万北越军队 and 160,000 North Vietnamese troops moving right behind them.
我高度关注此事 I had become so concerned,
我决定把我们隐藏的 I decided to pull our best Vietnamese agents
最好的越南特工派出去 out of the woodwork
看看他们是否能探查到共产党的计划 to try to see what they could tell us
目前他们显然在迅速推进 about Communist planning,which obviously was rapidly evolving.
在4月8号 On the 8th of April,
我会见了我们最好的特工 I met with one of our best agents,
他说共产党正在向西贡开进 who said,"The Communists are gonna drive on Saigon.
他们将会在胡志明生日前抵达 They're gonna be in there by Ho Chi Minh's birthday,"
也就是5月19号 只有一个月了 which was May 19th,literally a month away.
南越的共产党势力 Communist forces in South Vietnam,
已牢牢控制了11个省份 already solidly in control of 11 provinces,
已经快速进攻了 呃 今天又是另一个了 平定省 began working on yet= another one today: Binh Dinh.
我们尽最大努力
对未来也一无所知
我们没法维修或者更换设备
绷带也不断的重复利用
困难重重
我们不知道还能够坚持多久
我每天在地图上 I kept a map every day
标出北越进攻的前线 on the progress of the North Vietnamese onslaught.
到4月5号 By the 5th of April,
北越有15-16个师 the North Vietnamese had 15,even 16 divisions
向着西贡方向进军 heading in the direction of Saigon.
他们还拥有SA2防空导弹 They were bringing SA-2 missiles down
为他们部队提供防空保护 to provide anti-aircraft cover for their forces.
有些人说 There were people who were saying,
我们做了极其重大的规划 "Look,we've gotta do some heavy,heavy planning here
取决于它的实际情况 "because depending on how this goes,
既然现状很糟 我们可能得全部撤退 and it doesn't look good now,we may all have to evacuate."
但马丁大使 And Ambassador Martin
丝毫不能容忍这样的想法 wouldn't tolerate or countenance such thought.
这是失败主义 That was defeatism.
对这里那些施以援手的人的前景来说 That was poisonous to the prospects
这等于是一剂毒药 of the people we're here to help.
但人们可以看到事态的发展 情况But people could see what was going on
然后他们开始离开 尤其是那些美国人 and they started leaving,especially the Americans.
我要离开越南 I'm leaving Vietnam.
为什么 Why?
跟你老实说吧 我有点害怕 I'm kind of scared,to be honest with you.
其实吧 我是非常的害怕 To be perfectly honest with you,I'm really scared.
我认为这里的情况比我们所知的要糟糕的多 I think the situation's a lot worse than we know about.
大使馆里时刻准备着一个撤退计划 There was always a standing evacuation plan in the embassy.
表明在突发状况发生时 It held that in an emergency,
大约6000名在越南的美国人 all Americans still in the country,
都将会被撤离 about 6,000 people,would be evacuated
但南越人不能和他们一起撤离 and that no South Vietnamese would be evacuated with them.
我当时是一个学生 I was a student.
学校还没有关闭 The school's not closing,
平 大学生
但没有人有功夫管学校了 but it seemed like nobody's interested in school anymore.
你不能待在那儿 You can't stay here.
那些共产党人不会让你活下去的 You can't live with the Communists,
尤其是你还和美国人有关联 especially if you have a connection with the Americans.
那你就真的得逃了 Then you really gotta get out.
如果我们列一个战争期间和我们工作密切 If we really made up a list of endangered South Vietnamese,
而被迫害的南越人名单 the ones who really worked closely with us during the war,
这个名单可能会有15万 20万人 this number could be 150,000,200,000.
加上他们的家人等 可能远不止这些 Including their families,many more than that.
但商讨一个撤离计划 But the idea of talking about an evacuation
只有美国人撤离 and of planning for an evacuation of Americans,
不管越南人的撤离 let alone an evacuation of Vietnamese,
仍是一个被人唾弃的主意 was still anathema in the embassy.
如果你问的是 If you mean,"Is South Vietnam
南越是否在坍塌的边缘 on the imminent verge of collapse?"
我认为回答一定是 不 I think the answer is quite definitely no.
我们和大使交涉 We were dealing with an ambassador
他在某种程度上相信 who was just convinced that somehow,
史蒂夫·哈斯蒂 大使馆警卫
要是他有能力把这件事摆平 he was going to be able to pull this out
那样就不用撤离计划了 and that there wouldn't have to be an evacuation
也就不用操心关于 and therefore,there wouldn't have to be a concern
撤离南越人的计划了 about evacuating South Vietnamese.
南越的形势已经到了关键时刻 The situation in South Vietnam has reached a critical phase
需要政府下达直接有效的命令 requiring immediate and positive decisions by this government.
有成千上万 There are tens of thousands
为美国从事的南越政府雇员 of South Vietnamese employees of the United States government,
通讯社雇员 of news agencies,
还有承包商人们 还有多年来 of contractors and businesses for many years
和他们的亲属在一起生活的人 whose lives,with their dependents,
他们现在处境维艰 are in very grave peril.
因此我请求国会 I'm therefore asking the Congress
迅速拨款7亿2200万美元 to appropriate without delay $722 million
为南越做紧急军需协助 for emergency military assistance for South Vietnam.
就算事情发展到最糟糕的地步 If the very worst were to happen,
也要让美国人和受迫害的 at least allow the orderly evacuation of Americans
的南越人转移到安全的地方 and endangered South Vietnamese to places of safety.
1975年 国会不可能 There was no way in 1975
众议员 皮特·麦克洛斯基[加利福尼亚人]
捐助任何钱 that the Congress was going to vote any money
去救援南越 to go to the aid of South Vietnam.
我们在1973年撤走了军队 We had pulled out our troops in 1973
在形势转变时也没表达观点 and public opinion at that point shifted.
美国群众见识了水门事件 The people of the United States,having seen Watergate,
见识了军队里的波云诡谲 having seen the deception of the generals,
不打算给东南亚一点帮助 weren't about to give any help in Southeast Asia.
你知道 基辛格知道这些 And you know,Kissinger knew this.
我们知道我们得不到这7亿2200万美元 We knew we were not going to get the $722 million.
不过也没什么大不了 By that time it made no big difference,
但福特总统说 but President Ford said
他还欠越南一个请求 he owed it to Vietnam to make a request.
可以这么说 我给他们送去了一艘艘战舰 We've sent,so to speak,battleship after battleship
众议员 米莉森特·范威克[新泽西人]
超过了50万枚炸弹 还有无数的人员 and bomber after bomber and 500,000 and more men
数十亿计的美元 and billions and billions of dollars.
当时投入了那么多人 那么多钱 If billions and billions didn't do
都没有起到作用 at a time when we had all our men there,
区区7亿2200万美元又能有什么用呢 how can $722 million save the day?
四月中旬时我的地图是这样的 This is the way my map looked in mid-April.
北越刚刚从海岸南下 The North Vietnamese just rolled down the coast.
很明显 西贡遭到威胁了 Saigon was clearly threatened.
战况告急 The situation was urgent.
不对 是十万火急 Urgent understates it.
在这个时候 马丁大使回去了华盛顿 At this time,Ambassador Martin had been back in Washington
试图说服国会提供更多援助 trying to persuade Congress to vote additional aid.
你来这边有什么要说的吗 Do you have anything to say on your arrival?
他什么也没有说 He has no statement to make.
他回到了西贡 He came back to Saigon,
我的上级 CIA的头说 and my boss,the CIA station chief,said,
下去告诉老头子发生了什么 "Go down and tell the old man what's happening."
我去了 我说大使先生 I went and I said,"Mr. Ambassador,
一半的南越军队都瓦解了 "half of the South Vietnamese Army has disintegrated.
我们麻烦大了 "We're in grave trouble.
先生 请制定撤离计划 "Please,sir,plan for an evacuation.
至少让我们开始整理 "At least allow us to begin putting together
我们应该援救的南越人名单 lists of South Vietnamese we should rescue."
他说 不 弗兰克 And he said,"No,Frank.
还没有那么绝望 "It's not so bleak.
我不会和你说这些消极的话的 And I won't have this negative talk."
大使馆的年轻官员 Young officers in the embassy
开始动员一个隐蔽的计划 began to mobilize a black operation,
撤离计划之下的权宜之计 meaning a makeshift underground railway evacuation
使用灵活的载重飞机 using outgoing cargo aircraft
大使馆的雷达一定检测不到 that would be totally below the radar of the Ambassador.
像我和其他人 People like myself and others
敢冒风险 组织撤退计划 took the bull by the horns and organized an evacuation.
而在这个情况 风险就指的是 In my case,that meant friends of mine
我在南越军队的军官朋友 who were senior officers in the South Vietnamese military.
北越军队距离西贡越来越近 As the North Vietnamese came closer and closer to Saigon,
这些人就像是行尸走肉 these people were dead men walking.
我和我的情报界朋友 I had arranged a signal
商定了一个暗号 with my intelligence community friends
如果我说 我要烧烤 that if I said,"I'm having a barbecue,"
就意味着去一个指定的地点 that meant come to a certain pre-designated place
只带一个行李箱 还有你的家人 and bring your families and only bring one suitcase
因为我们要去开一个派对 because we're going to have a party.
这个派对也就意味着 But it was understood the party meant
我送他们逃走 I was going to get them out.
秘密行动组本质上已经违反规定了 Black Ops were essentially violating the rules...
意思是 In this case meaning,
禁止你将那些 you're not allowed to bring out Vietnamese military people
有义务为国家作战的越南军人带出境 who were under obligation to stand and fight.
我们完全能预料到 如果做这些被逮住了 We were fully expecting if we got caught doing this
将会被国家驱逐出境 that we would be run out of country.
终结职业生涯 再不得入境 End of career,do not pass go.
但有时这不是一个合法或者不合法的问题 But sometimes there's an issue not of legal and illegal,
而是正确与否 but right or wrong.
国防部代理人把所有在菲律宾克拉克空军基地的 The deputy defense attache moved out Vietnamese personnel
越南职员和他们的家人都撤离出去了 and their families to Clark Air Base in the Philippines
没有任何批准 without any approval whatsoever,
也没有任何移民档 什么都没有 without any immigration papers,anything...
护照 一律没有 Passports,you name it.
当他们在菲律宾街头出现之后 And when they began showing up in the Philippines,
马丁勃然大怒下炒了他 Martin hit the roof and fired him!
但是这并阻止不了国务院其他有 But that didn't stop other State Department people
越南朋友和家庭成员的人 who had Vietnamese friends and family members.
他们继续组织临时空运 They continued to organize these makeshift airlifts.
那年四月 我在芹苴市 That April,I was in Can Tho,
泰瑞·麦克纳马拉
那儿距西贡市大概有100英里 hich was about 100 miles from Saigon.
我们接到报告 And we were getting reports
这个城镇的整片领域都持续的遭受炮火攻击 of this town falling and that province falling and so on.
然后我们就遭到了攻击 And then we were attacked.
哈斯蒂中士过来给了我伤亡报告 Sergeant Hasty came by to give me a report on the damage.
芹苴市处于相当严重的炮火攻击下 Can Tho came under pretty intense artillery bombardment.
北越已经占领了 The North Vietnamese had overrun
南越的一些炮台 some South Vietnamese artillery batteries
设法扭转局势 将芹苴市中心夷为平地 and managed to turn those around and shell the center of Can Tho.
我定期与大使馆联系 TERRY MeNAMARA: I was in regular contact with the embassy,
我被告之到那时 and I was told that when the time came,
我应该准备好撤离 I should be ready to evacuate,
不带任何越南人出去 and that I should not try to take any Vietnamese out
因为他们太危险 because it was too dangerous,
只限我用自家的 and I should only restrict myself
三架直升机疏散美国人 to evacuating Americans using my thren helicopters.
那时我已经在那呆了近五年 Well,I’d been there for almost five years at this point,
我观注越南人 and I was committed to the Vietnamese.
我想我对那些为我们工作 I did have a responsibility,I thought,
服务一流多年的 for the people who had worked for us
越南人有责任 and who had given their Ioyai service to as over many years.
所以我决定不管西贡的命令 So I decided that despite the order from Saigon,
我们会尽力疏散 we’re gonna really make an effort
我认为处于致命危险的 to evacuate the people in Cae Tho
芹苴市的人 who I thought might be in mortal daeger.
这可能有数百之多 This could be hundreds of people.
所以我一整晚都在担心这个 So I spent one sleepless eight worrying about this.
我准备怎么办 “How am I going to do this”
然后我想“嘿 我们在一条河上 And then I thought,“Hell,we’re on a river.
我们不需要直升机 ‘We don’t need helicopters.
我们可以顺流而下 We can go down the river’
从芹苴市下到河口有70英里 Its 70 miles from Can Tho down to the mouth of the river.
所以我找到了两艘入侵驳船，让它们准备出发 So I found two invasion barges and got them ready to go.
我们都清楚形势很不明朗 We knew that the situation was bad.
我们可以看到南越军队在一点点被侵蚀 We could see that the South Vietnamese Army was eroding.
补给给切断了 Supplies had been cut off
装备也在不断减少 and you could see the armaments dwindling.
我们根据巴黎协定的条款 We were,under the terms of the Paris Agreement,
麦克纳马拉
承诺再给予南越补给 committed to resupplying the South Vietnamese.
他们缺乏一些简单的物资 比如钢丝网绳 They lacked simple things,like barbed wire
装沙的袋子 and bags for sand bags.
他们得对炮弹定量供给 They were rationing their artillery shells
因为快要弹尽粮绝了 because they were running out.
军事支持 物质支持 The military support,the material support,
不会再有了 was not coming.
在福特总统面对国会的时候 When President Ford went before the Congress,
有两个主要担心的地方 he had two major concerns.
第一个是尽可能多的救人 The first was to save as many people as we could.
他关心着一切被卷入战争的生灵 He cared for the human beings involved;
他们并不是一旦丧失了军事效用 they were not just pawns
就会被抛弃的卒子 that once they had lost their military power were abandoned.
第二个担心的就是美国的荣誉 The second was the honor of America,
我们不能坐视南越的痛苦 that we would not be seen at the final agony of South Vietnam
这感觉如芒在背 as having stabbed it in the back.
国会不会批准的 Congress wouldn't pass it.
他们说 再也不会了 They said,"No more.
再也不会给南越提供军队 钱款和救援物资了 No more troops,no more money,no more aid to the Vietnamese."
呃 我不得不走进福特总统的办公室去告诉他 Well,I had to go into President Ford's office to tell him.
我认识他这么久 I had never heard Ford use a curse word
以前从没听过他爆粗 in all the time I'd known him.
当我给他说明情况后 他说 But when I showed him this story,he said,
这群狗娘养的杂种 "Those sons of bitches."
南中国海 1975年4月18号
我觉得那儿当时共有50艘船 I think there were a total of 50 ships that were there.
休·道尔 KIRK战舰总工程师
不只是有我们的船 那儿有一大堆船 I mean,it wasn't just us; it was a whole bunch of ships.
我们在那等着美国人的撤退 We were standing by for the evacuation of Americans.
我写信写的很糟糕 I was a terrible letter writer.
妻子给我写十封信 我只回一封 I would write one letter for my wife's ten letters,
她不喜欢那样 于是对我说 and she didn't like that,so she said,
"我们还是来交换录音磁带吧" "We're going to exchange tapes."
所以我跑进我的船舱 So I would run into my stateroom,
把答录机打开了一会 turn the tape recorder on for a couple of minutes
告诉她发生了什么 and tell her what's happening.
我真的不知道从哪儿开始 I really don't know where to start.
对我们来说这几天太不寻常了 It's been such an unusual couple days for us.
我们背负着这个巨大的使命 We went with the rest of this huge task force of ours
向上走了..呃..出了海岸20里 up into about,oh,20 miles off the coast,
基本上在西贡东边 basically east of Saigon.
和以往的海军行动一样 这是一次非常缜密的计划 As most Navy operations are,it was very carefully planned.
我们已将生死置之度外 We planned it to death.
在我理解 这一系列命令 The chain of command,as I understood it
杰拉德·贝里 海上飞行员
作为一个美国海军陆战队的上校 as a captain of the United States Marine Corps,
我觉得这没错 and I think I got it right,
任何的撤退行动 is that for any evacuation,
其决定都是大使的决定 that decision is the Ambassador's decision.
葛雷恩·马丁是一个负责任的家伙 Graham Martin is the responsible guy.
但军队更有责任 But the military is responsible
给他提供各种方案 for giving him all kinds of plans.
然后我们有了四个方案 And this is how we got into the four options.
第一个方案是 The first option was
把商船开到西贡河 you would take commercial ships right up the Saigon River
那儿离大使馆有几个街区 to a couple blocks from the embassy.
把任何你想带的人 You would load whoever you wanted
带到这些船上 然后就完事了 to bring out on these ships and you'd be done with it.
第二个方案就是 你知道的 The second option was,you know,
联合大陆航空公司和飞虎航空 United and Continental and Flying Tiger Airlines
那时候仍在使用柔佛巴鲁县空军基地 were still using Tan Son Nhut Air Force Base at the time,
你可以通过商业飞行 and you could've brought anybody you wanted out
把任何你想带的人带出去 by commercial aviation.
第三个方案是军用固定翼飞机 The third option was military fixed-wing aviation...
像A5As C-141s 都可以载很多人 The C5As,the C-141s,which carry a lot of people.
可以通过它们把人从柔佛巴鲁机场运送出去 You could've brought them out of Tan Son Nhut on those.
最后一个选择 最后一个选择 The very last option,the very last option,
是通过在柔佛巴鲁县空军基地 was helicopters off the carriers
的直升机载人 in the Tan Son Nhut Air Force Base.
我们在那有75架海军陆战队的直升飞机 We had 75 Marine Corps helicopters out there.
直升机方案 The helicopter option,
是不到万不得已不用的最后方案 that was absolutely the last resort.
你知道的 它们既不是很快 You know,they don't go very fast,
也载不了很多人 they don't carry that many people.
如果其他方案都失败的话 就只有直升机了 That was if everything else failed.
我到越南的时候都已经是1975年4月24日了 I got into Vietnam late on the 24th of April,1975.
整个西贡市 虚假宣传 谣言密布 Saigon was full of rumor,of false stories,
是否我们需要最后尝试 whether we were going to have a last attempt
给整个国家画一条线 to draw a line across the country,
西贡及其以南仍然是一个言论自由的共和国 that Saigon and the south would remain a free republic,
所有的这些事 all of these things,
都在到处搅动着人的神经 and it was all churning all around.
战事已经逼近西贡了 The fighting was close to Saigon
但还未到街头巷尾 but hadn't shown up in the streets of Saigon.
在越南的三次多参观中 I served as a naval officer
我是作为一个海军官员 in three and a half tours in Vietnam,
这两年是在一个有着20条船的师里面 two of those years as a Special Forces advisor
做特种部队顾问 全是越南人 with a 20-boat River Division,all Vietnamese.
我们在一起说说笑笑 用越南语 I could tell jokes and hear jokes in Vietnamese.
一旦开始这样做了 And once you start off like that,
我就只能在梦里说越南语了 you eventually end up being able to dream in Vietnamese.
在1975年 我的使命就是移除或摧毁 In 1975,my mission was to remove or destroy
大量的船只 快艇 as many ships,swift boats,
或者是任何我觉得有利于敌军的装备 anything that I considered to be a benefit to the enemy.
我和Do Kiem上校见了面 I met with Captain Do Kiem,
他是越南海军的行动指挥官 who was the operations officer of the Vietnamese Navy.
他说现在的情况如同箭上离弦
你必须得帮我想出一个计划来
保住美国给我们的这些海船
不能让共党分子得手
这个计划是 The plan was to sail
把南越海军的大型船只 all the large ships of the South Vietnamese Navy
从西贡河运送到海上 down the Saigon River to the sea
最后在昆山岛集合 and rendezvous at Con Son Island.
我们必须得保守这个秘密 We had to keep this secret.
如果消息走漏的话 If word got out,it would have had an effect
会影响大家的士气 on the morale of the people in the street.
我们知道大概有5000名美国人 We knew that there were roughly 5,000 Americans
乔·麦克布莱德
仍然在这个国家 still in the country.
他们中的大多数人都有了越南妻子 Many of them had Vietnamese wives,
情人 还有其他什么 mistresses,whatever.
都还没走 Just hadn't left.
我们知道他们的意思是 And they were basically letting us know,
约瑟夫·麦克布莱德 国务院官员
没有家人 我们哪也不会走的 "We're not leaving without our families."
最后 大使给我们开后门 Finally,we were given authority by the Ambassador
可以绕过移民法律 to bypass the immigration laws
把这些越南人送出境 and send these Vietnamese out of the country.
所以我们开始了一项行动 So then we started an operation
大体上就是驱逐美国人 basically to get out the Americans
和他们的越南从属 and their Vietnamese dependents.
这并不是一次官方的疏散 It was not an official evacuation.
尽管对于撤离高危的南越 We still had no organized plan
我们仍然没有组织计划 for evacuating high-risk South Vietnamese
因为我们有个总是 because we had an ambassador
犹疑不决的大使 who was making up his mind on the wing.
总统也要求国会 The President also asked Congress
批准使用美国军队 for authorization to use American troops here
来帮助撤离 to evacuate Americans
美国人和那些为美国人工作的越南人 and Vietnamese who worked for Americans.
如果有必要的话 If it were necessary.
你为此有何对策吗 Do you have plans for that?
当然 换做任何一个大使都会有对策的 Well,of course,every embassy in the world has plans for it.
你觉得那会是必要的吗 Do you think it will be necessary?
你看 这又是一个判断题了 That again,you see,is a judgment
现在我肯定不能做什么决定 that I can't possibly make at this time.
我们已经在减少这里的人数了 We have been reducing the population here
这是一个谨慎的措施 as measure of prudency
并且作为一个谨慎的问题 and will take measures to reduce it further
下一步还会继续减少的 as a question of prudence.
大使很容易改变主意 The Ambassador was extremely skittish,
这我可以理解 论及撤离 and I guess understandably so,about talking about evacuation,
还有给撤离行动做暗号 about sending signals that an evacuation
甚至执行的时候 was being planned or even executed.
他怕这会引起恐慌 He feared it would trigger a panic.
到该走的时候了 It is time to get out.
那时在西贡 都在问 你认识谁吗 And in Saigon at that time,it was like,"Who do you know?"
关键字是 人脉关系 The the key word would be "connection."
有很多人 他们想要回他们的钱 There's a lot of people,they try to get their money
因为人一有钱的话 because if the people have money,
他们就可能会找关系出去 maybe they will find a connection to get out.
你知道的 就像是 你想出去吗 You know,and so,"You want to go?
那就把钱给我 Give me this kind of money."
一个人对我说 One guy said to me,
你家人 告诉他们去码头那儿 "Your family,tell them to come to the boat dock.
我会等着他们的 I'll be waiting for them."
当然他们拿走了钱 不过一去不回了 Of course they took the money,but they never got us.
那个时候在西贡简直是太乱了 There was chaos in Saigon at that time.
每个人都在找路子尽可能快的逃走 Everybody was looking for ways to get out as soon as possible.
DAM PHAM 南越军队中尉
当然 和我们共事的 美国人 Of course,the Americans we worked with
给我们想了一个主意 had a plan in place for us.
他们告诉我们去会场 They told us to get to the meeting place,
那儿靠近美国大使馆 是个安全所在 which was a safe house near the American embassy,
在那等着巴士来把我们接走 and to wait for buses to come to pick us up.
如果我们想要把送人出去 If we were gonna get people out,
必须得设法 we were gonna have to make it happen
以某种方式把越南人 and deliver the Vietnamese to the big airplanes
送上大型的飞机 in some form or fashion.
我们唯一能做的就是 And the only way we could do that
尽可能久的开放机场 was keeping the airport open as long as we could.
马丁大使在某种程度上仍然希望 Ambassador Martin still hoped that somehow,
事情不要以北越军队 this thing would not end with the North Vietnamese
进攻到西贡市而让美国蒙羞 humiliating the United States by attacking Saigon.
但是看起来北越有其他主意 But it seemed like the North Vietnamese had other ideas.
西贡的最后一场战役已经打响了 What may be the final battle of Saigon has begun.
共产党地面部队开始在西贡的柔佛巴鲁机场 Communist ground forces have started moving in
发起进攻 on Saigon's Tan Son Nhut Airport.
基地到处都投放了火箭弹 Rockets exploded all over the base,
引发了三起大火灾 touching off three major fires.
空军基地持续遭受炮火的洗礼 The air base was under continuous artillery fire.
我都可以感觉到 I felt the rounds.
离我是如此之近 They were so close,
溅起的弹壳劈里啪啦的打在身后的围栏上 the shrapnel was plinking against the fence behind us.
很显然 这现在是一场新的较量了 It was abundantly clear that it was a whole new ball game.
我们从来没料到这儿会有麻烦 We never expected any trouble out there.
接下来感觉有一点不对劲了 And then,of course,fear a little bit set in
因为现在我们知道这看起来的确是那么一回事了 because now we knew that it really meant business,
你知道吗 you know?
他们会继续夷平柔佛巴鲁吗 Were they gonna continue shelling Tan Son Nhut?
他们给了我们一种警告 那就是 They had given us a warning,you know?
快走 "Get out."
第二天 我们在柔佛巴鲁的指挥官 As the sun came up,General Smith,
史密斯上将 who was our defense attache out at Tan Son Nhut,
联系了大使后说 contacted the Ambassador and said,
今天用固定翼飞机 "The plan to use the fixed-wing
撤离这几千人的计划 "to get a few thousand people out today
是行不通了 "isn't gonna work.
我们需要重新考虑考虑了 "And we need to consider that this is it.
第四方案 "Option 4:
用一架大载重直升机撤离 a heavy-lift helicopter evacuation."
但马丁大使充耳不闻 And Ambassador Martin wouldn't hear of it.
他说 我要去那儿 He said,"I want to come out there.
我要亲自看看 然后他就这么干了 I want to see it," and which he did.
他钻进轿车 He got in a sedan.
他并不缺乏勇气 He didn't lack for guts.
仍然还有不断的攻击 There were still rounds coming in...
虽然零星出现 但余波未绝 Sporadic,but there was still artillery fire.
他可以看到从北越 And he could see that the main runway
攻击过来的这条路上全是弹坑 was full of craters from North Vietnamese artillery.
可以理解史密斯上将 And it was understood that General Smith
推荐执行第四方案并非不成熟的决定 was not being premature with the recommendation for Option 4.
马丁大使的担心现在已经非常清楚了 Ambassador Martin's concern very clearly up to now
麦克布莱德
那就是一旦我们开始正式撤退 was that once we started an official evacuation,
很明显 游戏就结束了 it's pretty obvious that the game is over.
你得记住 这是一位大使 You've got to remember,this is an ambassador
在越南作战的时候丧失了他的独子 who had lost his only son in combat in Vietnam.
对那个国家做出了巨大的贡献 One becomes pretty invested in that country.
他一直希望 He had been holding out hope
可以用一些协力厂商案解决问题 that some kind of third-party solution could be worked out
南越可以继续 so that South Vietnam could continue
有某种形式的独立自主 with some form of independence or autonomy.
他期望可以 And he was being encouraged to
让这一切都成为可能 to think that this might be possible.
但是在29号的早上 But the morning of the 29th,
他不得不接受既定的事实了 he came to accept the fact that that wasn't going to happen.
我拿起电话 And I picked up the phone
告诉基辛格秘书长知会总统先生 and told Secretary Kissinger to inform the President
我已经决定我们将要实行第四方案了 that I had decided we would have to go to Option 4.
我告诉福特总统 机场正在被炮轰 When I tell President Ford the airport is being shelled
而现在是时候下个决定了 and that it's now time to pull the plug,
他不断的来回踱步 问 he keeps coming back time and again,
你真的想好了吗 "You really think we have to do it?"
对他来说这真的是太令人伤心了 That's how heartbreaking it was for him.
他最后不情愿的下达了 He finally reluctantly gave the go-ahead
撤退的命令 for the final evacuation.
这里是美越军队电视网 This is the American Forces Vietnam Network.
预先撤离的暗号在 The prearranged signal for the evacuation
西贡的美军电台播报 was broadcast on American radio in Saigon.
消息是 The message was,
现在气温是105华氏摄氏度 并在逐步升高 "The temperature is 105 and rising,"
然后响起了平·克劳斯贝的"白色圣诞" and then Bing Crosby's "White Christmas."
可以很肯定 当时是早上十点左右 And sure enough,about 10:00 in the morning,
我相信 在29号 I believe,on the 29th,
平·克劳斯贝的歌声会在广播中响起 there was Bing Crosby on the airwaves.
我梦想着一个白色圣诞 ? I'm dreaming of a white Christmas ?
就像我知道 ? Just like the ones I used to know ?
树梢闪闪发光 孩子们听 ? Where the treetops glisten and children listen ?
听到雪橇在雪地上我梦想着一个白色圣诞的钟声 ? To hear sleigh bells in the snow... ?
计划是当信号给出时 The plan was when the signal was given,
仍在西贡的美国人 Americans still in Saigon
会立即前往城市周围的接人区 would immediately go to pick-up zones around the city
这样巴士就可以到达这13个地点 so that buses could then come to these 13 locations
把所有人送到空军基地 and get everybody out to the airbase,
在那里他们将被直升机运送到舰队 where they would be helicoptered to the fleet.
我们已经准备了三四个着陆区 We had prepared three or four Iaeding zoees
就在新山一空军基地 right across the street from the main rueway
主路的对面 of Tan Son Nhut airbase-
没有遭受炮火袭击的地区 areas which had not been under artillery fire,
重型直升机可以进入的地方 where heavy lift helicopters could come in.
这是个好计划 It was a good plan,
有很好的设施 有很好的安全性 they had good facilities,they had good secarity.
既然备选方案4已经宣布 Now that Option 4 had been declared,
我想没有人说过 I dont think anyone said,
好 我们有七千，六千，五千人 Okay,we have 7,000,0,000,5,000,or what have you
或还剩下什么需要疏散 left to evacuate.
我想是的 我们准备在机场 I think it was,We are going to bring out
将每个需要离开的人带出去 ‘everybody we have left at the airport
以及所有可能出现的人 ‘and everybody who might show up,
在这个时间点 ‘and at a point in time,
大使馆会用巴士把几百人撤离到我们这里 ‘the embassy will evacuate its few hundred by buses to us
然后就结束了 and itli be over.
不幸的是 这个计划失败了 But anfortanately,the plan was compromised.
越南人会来到这些上车点 Vietnamese would come up to these pick-up points
试着登上巴士 and just try to get oe the beses.
他们是口口相传得知的 It was word of mouth.
那天西贡的每个人似乎都想离开 Everybody in Saigon that day seemed to want to leave.
当我到达上车点的时候 已经是一片混乱了 And by the time I got to my pick-up point,it was chaos.
现在放轻松 一次一个！ Take it easy now,one at a time!
每个人都知道 Everybody knew these buses
这些巴士将会开往新山一空军基地 were going to be going out to Tan San Nhut airbase
那里可以逃离越南 and there would be an escape from Vietnam.
我接到一个从西贡打来的电话 I got a telephone call from Saigon
说总统已经下令让我们 saying that the president had given an order for us
疏散所有美国人 to evacuate all Americans.
每个人都被警告了 Everybody was alerted,
包括我通知的所有越南人 including all the Vietnamese that I had informed.
我们让所有人都上船了 We got everybody down to the boats.
我们的计划是我的副手殿后 Our plan was that my deputy would bring up the rear,
他会穿过领事馆大楼 and he would go through the consulate buildings
确保我们已经销毁了 and make sure that we had destroyed
所有的敏感材料 all of the sensitive materials.
海斯蒂上士留下来帮助他 Staff Sergeant Hasty stayed and helped him.
我做了最后一次广播 I made the last broadcast.
你知道 西贡和任何监听站 You know,“Saigon and any monitoring station,
这里是芹苴领事馆 停止广播 ‘this is Can Tho Consulate,signing off the air.
我们正在撤离 We are evacuating’
然后我们开车去了 And then we drove down
特里·麦克纳马拉把人 to where Terry McNamara was loading people
装上登陆艇的地方 onboard the landing craft
我们试图... We were trying to be,am...
尽量不引人注目 as unobtrusive as possible in doing so.
我们不希望岘港事件重演 We did not want a repeat of Da Nang.
我们用两艘登陆艇起航 We set sail with two landing craft
挤满了18名美国人和300多名越南人 packed with 18 Americans and 300-and-something Vietnamese.
最大的担忧当然是 The biggest concern,of course,
基本上是北越人 was basically the North Vietnamese
或者是那里的越共残余 or what remnants of the VC were there
会在最狭窄的地方伏击我们 would ambush us St the narrowest portion,
基本上受够了被不停地打击 and basically wed get our ass handed to us.
我们离芹苴有一段距离了 We got some distance from Cue Tho
突然 一些船顺着过来 and suddenly,there were some boats that came along,
他们向我们的船头开火 and they fired across our bow
(机枪声)
他们是南越海军船只 They were South Vietnamese navy boats
他们叫我们要停下来 and they told as to heave to,
我们只好照做 因为他们装备精良 which we did because they were extremely well armed.
显然 上面已经下达了命令 Evidently,the orders had gone out from on high
要阻止任何人出去 to stop,you know,anybody going oat.
他们接到命令把我们带回芹苴 They had been given orders to bring us back to Can Tho
因为他们认为我们船上有逃兵 becaese they thoeght that we had deserters on board--
你知道 军官和服役年龄的人 you know,military officers and people of military age.
实际上是有几个 There actually were a couple,
包括穿着便服偷偷上船的 including the deputy air force commander
空军副指挥官 who pat on civilian clothes and snuck on the boat.
但我不想回芹苴 But I wasnt going to go back to Can Tho,
所以在河中央双方对峙着 so there was a standoff in the middle of the river.
我要求负责的越南军官 I asked the Vietnamese officer in charge
与海军司令唐准将取得联系 to get in touch with the navy commander,Commodore Thang.
我已经把唐准将的妻子和孩子救出了西贡 I had gotten Commodore Thangs wife and children oct of Saigon.
希望他能回报我 I was hoping that he woeld reciprocate.
他照做了 And he did.
他终于下来了 声音很大 他说 He came down finally and in a vnry loud voicn,he said,
这里没有任何军人 You dont have any military people on here
也没有适龄军人 or people of military age’
我说 当然没有 And I said, “Oh no,of course not.”
他让水兵们退下 Well,he told the sailors to stand down,
我们继续顺流而下 and we continued down the river.
顺流而下的成功机会 The chances of success of going down the river
最多只有50% were 50/50 at best.
我打赌我们还是合作了 Bet we coetiiiaed on nonetheless.
整个上午 As the morning progressed,
直升机撤离正在顺利进行 the helicopter evacuation was pretty well anderway.
但是结束的时间 But the timing of when it would be over
并不是我们的时间 wasn't really our timing
坦率地说 北越能容忍 It was. frankly,what the North Vietnamese would tolerate.
袖手旁观多久 让我们这样做？ How long would they stand by and let us do this?
那个早上 马丁大使 That morning,Ambassador Martin
收到消息说在24小时内 received a message that said within 24 hours,
在越南的美国营业场所必须停业关闭 the U.S. presence in Vietnam had to be closed out,
意味着我们必须得走了 meaning we had to be gone.
我是四方联合军事小组的一员 I was part of the Four-Party Joint Military Team,
驻扎在芹苴 which was stationed out at Tan Son Nhst.
我们想 我们会受命离开 We thought, ‘We’re going to get ordered to leave.’
但相反 我们得到了来自大使馆 But instead, we got orders from the ambassador
大使的命令 logo to the embassy
准备好在大使馆撤离后留下来 and be prepared to stay after the embassy evacuated.
一旦大使馆撤离 大使离开 We were to be the sole U.S. military presence in Vietnam
我们将是美国在越南唯一的军事存在 once the embassy evacuated and the ambassador was gone.
你知道 把我们自己锁在房间里 You know, lock ourselves in a room
尘埃落定后再出来 and then come out when the dust is settled
向北越人介绍我们自己 and introduce ourselves to the North Vietnamese.
这不是一个受欢迎的计划 This was not a popular plan.
但我们服从了 But we complied.
大约11点 11点半 我们开车去大使馆 And around 11:00, 11:30,we drove to the embassy.
当我们到达那里时 那里挤满了人 And when we got there,it was teeming with people.
那天早上 我猜想 That morning, there must have been, I would guess,
至少有一万人给大使馆打电话 at least 10,000 people literally ringing the embassy.
大使馆大院有一个街区那么大 The embassy compound was the size of a city block.
它是大 It was big
它的四面有200到300英尺宽 And all sides of it were filled 200, 300 feet back.
幸运的是 场面基本可控 Fortunately, people were by aed large very controlled.
他们非常有耐心 They were very patient
他们只是拼命想进大使馆 They were just hoping desperately to get in.
好像整个西贡 It’s like the whole of Saigoe
都想进入美国大使馆 want to get inside the American embassy.
所以你必须认识某些人，你知道吗？ So you have to know somebody,you know?
如果你像我 我就找我的朋友 If you’re like me, I find my friend
拿一张小纸来保证我们能进去 and got a little paper to ensure us to get in.
所以我们几个人去了大使馆 So several of us went to the embassy.
然后我的朋友给警卫看了这张纸 Then my friend, he showed the paper to the guard,
他逐个点我们每一个人 and he’s just kind of pointing at each one of as,
一个接一个地进入大使馆 and we, one by one,could go inside of the embassy.
当我第一次进来的时候 我感觉很好 When I first got in,I feel so good.
我在美国 几乎！ Im in America-I’m almost there.
他们有一个庭院和一个游泳池 They have a courtyard and a swimming pool.
我们通常聚在泳池旁 and we mostly gather around the swimmieg pool.
那里已有1千人 还有人不断地进来 And 1,000 people there,and they just keep coming in.
那天早上 中央情报局的直升机开始从城市周围 That morning, CIA choppers began picking up evacuees
建筑物的屋顶上接走被疏散的人 off the roofs of buildings around the city
并把他们带到大使馆 and bringing them to the embassy.
有一个老飞行员叫OB·哈纳格 There was an old pilot named OR. Homage.
他一只眼睛失明 一条腿跛了 He was blind in one eye and lame in one leg.
我说 哈纳格 我们要在6嘉隆接人 And I said, “Harnage,we got people at 6 Gia Long.
你得去接他们 You gotta go pick them up
那是CIA站副站长的公寓大楼 It was the deputy CIA station chiefs apartment building.
那里有许多高风险的越南人 There were a number of very high-risk Vietnamese,
包括南越国防部长 including the defense minister of South Vietnam,
所有人都等待被救出 all waiting to be rescued
当他们爬上梯子到屋顶时 As they climbed up the ladder to the roof,
一位摄影师拍下了那张著名的照片 a photographer took that famous photograph.
许多人认为那是美国大使馆 Many people thought that was the U.S. embassy.
其实不是 It wasn’t.
但这表明了整个行动的混乱程度 But it indicated to what extent chaos had descended on this entire operation.
所以中情局的直升机会带人去大使馆 So the CIA choppers were bringing people to the embassy
然后他们应该乘巴士去新山一机场 who where then supposed to go to Tan Son Nhut airbase by bus,
在那里他们会找到 where they would magically find their way
去重型直升机的路 to heavy lift helicopters
市民们很清楚有事发生了 It was very clear to the citizenry that something was up,
可能是美国人要离开了 and that something was probably the Americans are leaving.
在大使馆内 我们发现 Inside the embassy,we discovered
当我们走过房子和屋外建筑 as we walked through the buildings and the outbuildings
游泳池区和社交俱乐部区时 and the swimming pool area and the social club area,
我们放眼望去 到处都是越南人 everywhere we looked was teeming with Vietnamese.
我们数了一下 全数 We counted them,and the total number
大约2800人 was about 2,800.
这是毫无隐藏的 There was no hiding it that somehow,
人们不得不让这些人进入大使馆 people had to have let these people into the embassy.
是的 你知道 Was it, you know,
看起来像是另一种海军陆战队员？ Marine security guards who kind of looked the other way?
是大使馆里的美国雇员 Was it American employees in the embassy
在做我们暗密行动中做的事情 who were doing kind of what we did with black ops
并照顾他们自己吗？ and taking care of their Own?
我们从未深究此事 We never got to the bottom of that
坦率地说 我们从未追究过 and frankly,we never pursaed it.
我的一个海军陆战队员对我说 One of my Marines said to me,
你知道，我们应该把裁缝带走 “You know, we should take out the tailor.”
他给我们做了所有的便服 There was a tailor who made all our civilian clothes.
所以我说 So I said,
我们为什么不把厨师也带走？ “Why don’t we take oat the cook too?”
他说 对 你应该把厨师也带走 He said, “Well, yoa shoald take out the cook too,
和所有其他的厨师 ‘and all the other cooks.
他们应该全撤出 ‘They should get Oat
他们为美国人做事 They had business with Americans.
所以他们开走了面包车 So they took the bread truck
召集了裁缝、厨师和洗碗工 and they rounded up the tailor,the cooks and the dishwashers,
其他一些人和他们的家人 a few others and their families,
把他们带进大使馆大院 and drove them into the embassy compound.
大使馆成了避难所 The embassy had become a refuge.
人们希望能进去 People were hoping to get in,
我们希望把人救出来 and we were hoping to get people out
去空军基地 and down lathe airbase.
（巴士鸣笛） (bus honkiug(
如果你想去机场的话是去不了的 You couldnt have gotten to the airfield if you wanted to
道路完全被堵塞了 The roads were totally blocked
巴士只好回来 It forced the buses to come back.
如果主计划从沈东带人出去 So what if the master plan
乘飞机行动不行怎么办呢？ to take people out by air from Tungshee doesn’t work?
我们的退路在哪里？ Where’s our faliback?
B计划在哪里？ Where’s Plan B?
如果我们要把大使馆里的所有人都带出来 If we were going to bring out everybody who was inside the embassy,
很明显得赶紧制定一个 It was obvious that there was the need
紧急方案以便 for a hasty plan to be developed
直升机可以从大使馆把人空运到军舰上 for a helicopter airlift out of the embassy to the fleet.
我们所剩时间不到24小时了 And we had less than 24 hours to pull it off.
在大使馆的停车场 There was in the parking lot of the embassy
有一个很大的罗望子树 a great tamarind tree,
大使经常把他比作 which the Ambassador had often referred to
美越之间坚定不移的承诺 as "steadfast as the American commitment in Vietnam."
CIA局长说次日早上说 The CIA station chief that last morning said,
大使先生 我们必须得把这棵树给砍了 "Mr. Ambassador,we have to cut this tree down."
如果不把大树和那些灌木丛弄掉的话 You could not land any large helicopters on the parking lot
这些大型直升机就没法着陆 unless the tree and all the shrubbery was all gone.
大使反对我们砍掉树 The Ambassador had resisted us cutting that tree
因为他不想任何人知道 because he did not want anybody to be alerted
我们是在搞撤离行动 that we were doing any sort of evacuation
或者是将要搞什么撤离行动 or were going to do any sort of evacuation.
他很苦恼 He was upset.
但最后还是屈服了 你知道的 常理来说是 But finally he succumbed,you know,to just common sense
屈从于他的 呃 and gave up his,uh...
可以说是梦想吧 I guess you could call it a dream.
然后我们把树砍掉了 And we cut it down.
在过去的几天 他也 He had also,for the past few days,
阻止我们焚烧那些机密档 prevented us from burning classified documents
也是怕引起南越人的恐慌 for fear that it would panic the South Vietnamese.
所以29号的早上 So that morning of the 29th,
我们有成千页的机密档 we had thousands of pages of classified documents
之前没有烧掉的 we had failed to destroy beforehand.
我们接下来的工作就是看那些机密档 Our next job was just looking at that classified document idea
然后处理掉他们 and getting rid of that.
所以我们去每间办公室 So we went to every office
告诉他们整理东西 and told them to start pulling stuff,
和将要出版的成堆成堆的报纸 and piles and piles of paper began coming out.
开始把它们都粉碎掉 And we began shredding.
有一个小房子 里面是 There was a small building where we handled the pay
那些给大使馆工作的越南人的工资 for the Vietnamese who worked for the embassy.
在这房子里 And in this building,
有超过1百万美元 there was over $1 million in U.S. currency.
所以我们得给海军发送消息 So we had to send a message to the Navy,
把这些钱送到财政部去 who sent it to the Treasury Department,
他们过来说 都销毁了吧 who came back and said,"Destroy it."
所以我指派了几个陆战队员去销毁货币 So I assigned a few Marines to get rid of the money.
我还说 顺便说一下 得把你们先锁在这儿 And I said,"Oh,by the way,we're gonna lock you in there."
然后他们在那烧了八个钟头才把一百万美元烧掉 It took them eight hours to burn a million dollars.
那天早上 That morning,
恐惧和绝望肆意蔓延 fear and desperation were the order of the day.
但我还有事要做 But I had a job to do,
我想 这是一项很重要的工作 and it was an important job to do,I thought,
去是向敌人否认南越海军船只的存在 to deny the enemy the South Vietnamese Naval ships.
阿米蒂奇先生打电话说 Kiem上校
我们今天必须得走了
有些船都已经年久失修了
我们的计划是让他们快走
哪怕只有一条船能开
坦白的说 我们曾经希望 We had expected,frankly,
可以有多一点时间准备 a longer time period to get ready.
我们以前被情报界的朋友告知 We had been told by people in our intelligence community
理查·阿米蒂奇 特种部队顾问
最迟可以准备到5月4号 that we might have as long as the 4th of May,
但是北越军队正在迅速地逼近我们 but the North Vietnamese were closing in quite tightly,
很显然现在是时候发送撤退信号了 and clearly it was time to send the signal to leave.
我们大概还有32条大船可以开
我告诉阿米蒂奇先生我们需要
尽可能多的集中船只
但他们必须被允许
带上他们的家人
如果一个不走 其他也的不走
我明白 I knew this,
但是我不清楚有多少平民 but I didn't know how many civilians
将会上船 were gonna be on board.
我不知道 I had no idea.
事实是 准备撤退方案并不是我的分内之事
但如果你知道什么是正确的
那你就会忽视其他规定只遵从内心
我是进入大使馆的第一人 I was the first one into the embassy.
我唯一的使命 And my only mission at this time,
就是下午趁早带大使离开 this is early in the afternoon,was to bring the Ambassador out.
这个任务实际上可以称为"大使保卫战" It was actually a mission that was called "Embassy Snatch."
我只要把大使保护好就行了 I was just supposed to get the Ambassador.
我从飞机上下来对人们说 I land and I said to the people,
我说道"我是来带大使回国的" I said,"I'm here to get the Ambassador."
哦 也不完全是 Well,not quite.
大使拒绝离开 直到他可以 The Ambassador refused to leave until he could get
让尽可能多的越南人上了直升机 as many Vietnamese on as many choppers as possible.
越南撤退开始了 The evacuation of Vietnamese happened
因为葛雷恩·马丁大使想看到这样的结果 because Graham Martin wanted it to happen.
所以他们让一些越南平民登上了我的直升机 So they loaded some Vietnamese onto my helicopter
我本应该让大使登机 and because I'm supposed to have the Ambassador on board,
我们直接登上了指挥舰 美国蓝岭号 we go right to the command ship,the USS Blue Ridge.
我们在蓝岭号着陆 葛雷上校走出来 We land on the Blue Ridge,General Carey comes out,
说他想知道大使在哪 wants to know where the Ambassador is.
我说道 呃 他没有上来 I said,"Well,he didn't get on."
我的意思是 我并不知道我该跟谁说 I mean,I don't know who I'm supposed to tell,
但是我又告诉了每一个人我应该带走大使 but I told everybody I was supposed to get the Ambassador
可是大使不跟我走 but the Ambassador didn't get on.
人员疏散由此拉开了序幕 So that starts the lift.
如我所说 我们海军陆战队有75架直升机 Like I say,we had 75 Marine Corps helicopters.
你和你的飞行员飞往大使馆 You and your wingman would fly into the embassy,
接大使登机 get your passengers loaded,
飞回军舰 and fly back out to the ships.
前后差不多要一个小时 It was a little over an hour back and forth.
柯尔克号的使命是 On the USS Kirk,our mission was
为直升机护航 to protect the helicopters moving
在从大使馆飞往航空母舰的途中 from the embassy out to the aircraft carriers
保罗·雅各斯 KIRK战舰指挥官
来回巡视 and back and forth.
我们距离直升机非常近 We were very close to the action.
站在甲板上 You could stand there on the deck
就可以观察到全过程 and you could watch it all happening.
我们认为柯尔克号 We thought that the USS Kirkwas just going to be
在整个事件中只是一名观察员的角色 an observer to this whole thing
但是忽然间 and when all of a sudden
通过雷达我们开始发现从海岸上传来 on radar we started seeing these little blips
传来一些小波动 coming out from the shore.
我确实不知道是从哪开始的 I really don't know where to start.
我们眺望海岸线 仅可以看到 We looked up at the horizon and all you could see
数架直升机朝着我们的方向飞来 were helicopters all heading toward us.
没有海军陆战队的直升机 These were not Marine Corps helicopters.
全是小型机 小休伊直升机 They were small helicopters,the little Hueys,
这绝不可能是撤退计划的一部分 which were never part of the evacuation plan.
但是它们飞过了我们头顶上空 But they were flying over top of us.
我们注视着它们 We were watching them fly
飞过来又飞过去 如此反复 over top over and over and over again.
在核实它们的身份之前 我们视以为敌人 We viewed them as enemy until we could verify who it was.
很快我们意识到 Then we realized that these
这些是想逃离的南越人民 were South Vietnamese trying to escape.
我想如果我们能救下来一架 I figured if we could save one,
我们至少可以救15-20个人 at least we'd save 15,20 people.
他们被困在直升机里就像一盒盒沙丁鱼罐头 They were packed in there like sardines.
所以我做出了一个决定 So I made the decision.
让直升机在甲板着陆 Land the helicopter.
我们中一名士兵会说一些基础的越南语 One of our sailors could speak rudimentary Vietnamese.
所以我们给他戴上无线电 他开始广播 So we put him on the radio and he started broadcasting.
"这是1087号军舰 "This is ship 1087.
请在这里着陆" Land here."
自然 我们引起了飞行员的注意 So,we got his attention.
他飞过来降落在我们的飞行甲板上 He came flying over and landed on our flight deck.
后来才知道 他是服务于 And it turned out that the pilot,he was the pilot
美国参谋长联席会议副主席的飞行员 for the deputy chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff.
是个真正的高层 Real high up.
而且他还有军衔 二星少将 And he had the general with him,who was a two-star general,
获救的还有这位二星少将的侄子 三位妇女 and the two-star general's nephew,three women,
还有四个孩子 and about four children.
这对我们来说可真是一笔大买卖 It was a big deal for us.
直升机着陆之后 我们把所有东西放了下来 When it landed,we got everything off.
我看向天空 那里还有五 六 And I looked up because there were five,six,
七架直升机在盘旋着等待着陆 seven stacked up ready to land.
由此可见越南的整个南方地区 Turned out all throughout the southern part of Vietnam
都有南越陆军基地和空军基地 there were South Vietnamese Army and Air Force installations
都配有一架 两架 三架或者四架直升机 with one or two or three or four helicopters.
而且这些直升机可用 And those helicopters were flyable.
因为他们的飞行员也在基地 Their pilots were there.
当他们意识到撤退行动已经开始 And when they realized that the evacuation was happening
他们并不打算参与其中 他们说道 and they weren't going to be part of it,they said,
"噢 是的 我们确实" "Oh yeah,we are."
这些年轻的越南飞行员们想回到家乡 These young Vietnamese pilots would go to their homes,
着陆在自家前院 接上他们的家人 land right in their front yards,pick up their families
或者其他什么人 然后飞往海上 and anybody else,and head out to sea,
希望可以在哪条船上着陆 hoping they can rendezvous with a ship.
没错 我们就是他们发现的第一条船 Well,we're one of the first ships they saw.
我们的飞行甲板仅可以容纳 Our flight deck will only take
同一时刻的一架直升机着陆 one helicopter at a time landing.
它们没有机轮 There are no wheels on them.
只能滑行 They just have skids.
我们想不到还能为其他几架直升机做些什么 We couldn't think of what else to do and these other planes
它们也在寻求着陆 were looking for a place to land
所以我们只能依靠人力把直升机推下海 so we just physically pushed them.
当然 这是一架老式的大型机 重达数千磅 Of course,this was a big old helicopter,thousands of pounds,
所以我们不得不考虑如何使它距离我们的飞行甲板 so we had to figure out how to get it 15 feet over
保持在15英尺开外 to the edge of the flight deck.
你没有时间去思索你做了什么 You don't have time to think about what you did,
事到临头 你不得不做 you just had to do it.
所以我们打开飞行甲板 他们开始着陆 So,we open up our flight deck and they begin to land,
一架接一架 one right after the other.
他们之中有些人已经中枪了 身上有伤口 Some of them were shot at,holes in them.
越南人大部分都出来了 Most of the Vietnamese who came out,I'm talking
我跟飞行员交谈 他们全副武装 about the flight crews,they were heavily armed,
所有人都腰佩武器 有些人还带着M-16自动步枪 all with side arms,some with M-16 rifles.
他们不清楚可能发生什么 所以他们出来时 They had no idea what was going to happen so they came out
做好了应对任何情况的准备 情理之中 ready for anything,really.
我们得让他们解除武装 So we had to disarm them.
他们之中没有人曾踏足这艘船 None of them had ever landed on a ship before.
他们是越南空军 They were Vietnamese Air Force.
我们收缴了每个人的枪支 Everybody had a gun and we took all the guns away from them.
约五分钟过后另一架也着陆了 Then about five minutes later another one came in and landed.
我们把这架直升机推下了甲板 And we pushed his airplane over the side.
第二架了 That was the second one.
我也帮忙往下推 I helped push that one over,too.
紧接着第三架飞机来了 Then the third plane came in.
着陆 It landed also.
推进海里 We pushed it over the side.
这么一会的功夫 我们已经往海里推进三架直升机了 So meanwhile,we've thrown three helicopters in the water so far.
真是难以置信 This is incredible.
你可能认为这些都是无稽之谈 I know you probably don't believe any of this,
但是事实如此 but it's all true.
暮色将至 By late afternoon,
大使馆搭乘直升机的人流开始登机了 the chopper flow at the embassy really started.
每有飞机展翅而来 And each time a bird came in,
随之飞走四五十号人 here would go another 40,50 people.
但是这各色人等都是该登机的人吗 But did the right mix of people get out?
你知道 是谁规定的这些人当中 You know,who says that these were the people
有哪些人是理所当然的或者应该撤退的 who either deserved or should have gone out?
在大使馆撤离的大量平民 At the embassy a lot of the people who got out
大多可具有优秀的翻墙技能 happened to be good wall jumpers.
直升机开始以10分钟一架的频率降落 The choppers started coming in at ten-minute intervals.
有的着陆在在顶楼 One would land on the roof
有的着陆在停车场降落区 and one would land on the parking lot.
他们把越南平民分组 They would put all the Vietnamese in groups,
进行搜身 如果在他们身上发现任何武器 they would search them,and if they had any weapons
所有武器都会被扔到游泳池中 all those weapons were thrown into the swimming pool.
而直升机一来他们就会 And as soon as the chopper would land they would be brought
被带到限制区 那里的海军 into the restricted area where a couple of the Marines
会把他们护送到飞机上 would escort them into the aircraft.
紧接着他们升起扶梯起飞 Then they would raise the ramp up and take off.
我记得我曾经跟我的朋友谈起 I remember I talked to my friend
他说"嗯 现在轮到我们了 and he said,"Oh,it's our turn now.
我们马上就到 We're almost there."
你可以看出来 我们是多么兴奋 You know,so we're all excited.
而且我记得非常清楚的是 每一次 And I remember very distinctively that every time
直升机降落的时候都差点把我们刮跑 the helicopter coming down it just blew us away.
我们只能缩紧身体 We have to kind of duck down
来抵抗直升机那巨大的风力 to fight with the wind of the chopper.
降落的三架直升机每架各载着一个排 Three of the choppers that came in each landed a platoon
来自特遣部队的40名海军 of 40 Marines from the task force.
他们必须来 因为在使馆警卫方面 And they had to be brought in because we didn't have enough
我们没有足够的海军来守卫使馆墙 Marines in the embassy security guard to secure the walls.
因为越南市民想翻墙进来跟着撤离
我和我的妻子去往大使馆 I went with my wife to the embassy.
使馆周围的围墙上已经爬满恐慌的市民 A lot of people,they clenched to the top of the wall,
但是他们进不来 but they couldn't get in.
每个大门上亦是如此 Each gate was besieged like that,
尽管侧门才是他们进来的主要通道 although the side gate was the principal place where they came.
人们拿着信 上面写着 People holding letters saying,
你知道的"我为美国工作 you know,"I worked for the Americans.
请放我进去" Please let me in."
记者们出现了 指望着能被海军 Journalists were arriving and counting on being recognized
认出来并把他们放进去 to be let in by the Marines.
人山人海 There was a sea of people
每个人都想登上直升机 wanting to get out by helicopters.
但是 他们只能眼整整看着一架又一架直升机从头顶飞走 But,well,they looked up at the helicopters leaving
而我看到他们的眼睛里 and I could see their eyes.
充满绝望 Desperate eyes.
我的父亲驾驶一架南越空军基地的 My dad flew a Chinook helicopter
切努克直升机 in the South Vietnamese Air Force.
他一直处于待命状态而他的队长 He had been waiting for orders but his captain had,
基本上已经落跑了 you know,basically just left.
所以他和其他的飞行员们 So he and some other pilots
只能挑出几架性能良好的的切努克 起飞 picked out the best Chinooks and took off.
他说当时简直就是西大荒重现 He said it was the Wild West at this point.
西大荒 开拓时期的无法制美国
你和直升机 你们唯一能做的 Just you and your horse and you just do what you had to do
阮米奇
就是逃命以及照顾好家人 to survive and take care of your family.
他提前告知了我妈妈 He had given my mom a heads-up
如果她听到切努克飞来 立马准备登机 that if she did hear a Chinook coming,to get ready.
我当时六岁半 I was six and a half years old.
仍能辨听出直升机的隆隆声 I can still hear the rumbling,
熟悉的切努克特有的轰隆声 a very,you know,familiar rumbling of a Chinook.
当你听到切努克驶来的时候 你知道 就是它了 When you hear the Chinook coming,you know it's coming.
那是我爸爸 I knew my dad was coming.
当时的西贡 在我童年回忆中 In Saigon,during my childhood,
就像是 身处人潮涌动的洛杉矶繁华中心 it was like,say,living in the middle of busy L.A.
所以 根本没有切努克的一隅之地 So,there's really not a big area to land the Chinook.
他只能飞进来着陆在一个足球场上 So he came in and landed in a play field.
顿时狂风卷地 人群骚动陷入混乱之中 Caused a lot of wind,caused a lot of commotion.
我妈妈紧抱着妹妹 My mom grabbed my little sister,
她当时只有六个月大 who was about six months at that time,
而我抱着弟弟 and I have a little brother who was
他当时大概三四岁 还有我自己 about three or four years old,and myself.
我们迅速地跑上切努克乘机离开 We quickly ran into the Chinook and we all flew off
飞向太平洋 out into the Pacific Ocean.
我父亲担心燃料所剩无多 My dad was afraid for not having enough fuel,
忧心忡忡 afraid for a lot of things.
他只是在毫无头脑的在飞 He was just flying blind.
很快他发现了一艘船 And then he saw a ship out there.
时值正午 在我们搭乘 In the middle of the day,after we had taken
第一批直升机离开之后 those first helicopters aboard,
一架巨型的切努克直升机 this huge helicopter called a Chinook,
出现在上空 试图降落在我们的舰上 it came out and tried to land on the ship.
嗯 我们几乎...它差点就撞毁我们的军舰了 And oh,we almost... the thing almost crashed onboard our ship.
这架巨型切努克盘旋着致意 This big Chinook showed up.
但是没有着陆的地方 There's no way he could land
因为一旦降落柯尔克号势必会受到重创 on Kirk without impacting the ship.
直升机上所有人包括我们的船员都将同归于尽 He would have killed everybody on this helicopter plus my crew.
此路不通 It was way too big to land.
我们认为这架直升机会就此飞走 We thought that the helicopter would just fly away.
但是在我们以四 五 六海里的速度前进的时候 But as the ship was moving forward probably four,five,
事情有变 飞行员传达资讯说 six knots,something like that,the pilot communicated
他的燃料即将耗尽 that he was running low on fuel.
他打开直升机的左舷侧 He opened up the port side of the helicopter and he hovered
在柯尔克号的舰尾盘旋 across the stern of the Kirk.
紧接着一眨眼的时间 看到一个人跳了下来 Then,all of a sudden,here comes a human.
我们依次都跳了出去 One by one,we jump out.
我跳了 我弟弟跳了 I jumped out,my brother jumped out.
我妈妈紧抱着妹妹 怛然失色 My mom was holding my sister,obviously very scared.
她只是 是的 真是难以置信 只是用一只手 And she just,you know,just trustingly,just with one hand,
用左手支撑着她的身体 右手抱着妹妹 with her right hand,holding on with her left to brace herself,
就这样把我妹妹扔了下去 you know,just dropped my baby sister.
一个小伙子站在船上目睹了这一幕 One fella is standing there and he said he looked up
他看到一大包东西飞了下来 and he saw this big bundle of stuff come flying out
发现是一个婴儿 and it was a baby.
一岁大的婴儿 It was the one-year-old baby.
随之这位妈妈跳了下来 他也接住了 And then the mother jumped out and he caught her,too.
然后飞行员飞到了我们的右舷侧 Then the pilot flew out on our starboard,right side.
他在低空盘旋 机轮与水面若即若离 He hovered with his wheels in and out of the water.
如此盘旋了大约十分钟 He hovered there for like ten minutes and we couldn't
我们不知道他意图何在 而后来发生的事情表明 figure out what he was doing and it turned out
他打算脱掉他的飞行服 what he was doing was taking his flight suit off.
那是一个独自驾驶着双旋翼式直升飞机的男人 Here's a man flying a twin rotor helicopter by himself,
随即脱掉了飞行服 and at the same time he's taking off a flight suit.
你们是如何做到的 我向直升机飞行员问道 How you do it,I've talked to helicopter pilots
他们亦是不明所以 你想 是如何... and they can't figure out how he did that,you know,how...
就像霍迪尼变魔术 金蝉脱壳 like a Houdini,trying to get out of this thing.
终于 他将副翼打右舵 And finally,he made the helicopter roll to the right
打右舵 与横向飞行的方向逆向
从左门跳进海里 as he stepped out the door on the left.
震耳欲聋 Just thunderous loud noise.
像榴霰弹爆炸 The shrapnel is just blowing up.
而响声转瞬消逝于深海 And suddenly just quiet.
这时他从海里冒了出来 And he pops up.
他还活着 And he's alive.
他奋力前游 And he swam away.
直升机距离他只有短短20英尺的距离 And the helicopter was only about 20 feet from him
直升机坠海那一刻 令人叹为观止 when it hit the water; it was amazing.
我们过去救他上来 We went out and picked him up.
所幸他安然无恙 He was none,no worse for the wear.
只是身上湿了点 He was a little bit wet.
唯一不幸的事是他有几根金条 Only one unfortunate thing is he had some small bars of gold,
是他所有的家当 which was all his worldly possessions,
在衬衫的口袋里 已然石沉大海 that were in his shirt pocket and it sank.
一无所有了 So he lost everything.
他浑身上下除了一条内裤之外 一丝不挂 He didn't own a thing but his underwear
他最后终于踏上了军舰 when he finally came aboard the ship.
他是一名出类拔萃的飞行员 He was a tremendous pilot.
运筹帷幄 冷静超然 The guy was just so cool and calm.
截至此时 我们共计救援直升机17架 We've so far taken a total of 17 helicopters.
以接救难民157人次而告终 We ended up with 157 people aboard this ship.
船上的工作人员很是不同凡响 And that crew was very special.
他们拿着钱去海军基地福利商店 They went,they took their money,went to the Navy exchange
以及军粮供应店 倾囊购进衣服和食物 and commissary,bought all the clothes and food they could get,
带回来发给他们救援的难民 took it up and gave it to the refugees they had befriended.
多么令人难以置信 They were unbelievable.
我们把薄毡 毯子以及所有诸如此类的东西 We laid mats and all kinds of blankets and stuff out
为孩子们铺在甲板上 on the deck for the babies.
难民们诸色人等...有婴儿 And there were all kinds of... there were infants
儿童 还有妇女 and children and women,
嗯 那一幕我刻骨铭心 永生难忘 and oh,it was a scene I'll never forget.
我们很快乐 We were happy.
我妈妈简直 简直是眉开眼笑 My mom was just,you know,wow.
极具象征意义的是 它就像 如你所知 Symbolically,it was like,you know,the first step
不是踏上了美国的土地 而是迈向了美国式自由 onto not American soil,but American freedom.
我们继续顺流而下 我们的登陆艇陷入了困境 We continued down the river,our landing craft in thn mad.
我们离芹苴有四五个小时的路程 We were, at this point,four or five hours from Can Tho.
这是一艘金属登陆艇 Its a metal landing craft
烈日当空 比地狱还热 The sun is beating down,its hotter than hell.
一次不太愉快的航行 A less than pleasant voyage
突然 嗖 砰！ When suddenly, whoosh, barn!
（爆炸声） (loud explosion(
有人向我们发射了一枚B40火箭 Somebody fired a B40 rocket at as.
我们立即开始还击 We immediately started returning fire.
我们不知道是谁插下为我们打开 We werent sure who the dip-wad was that was opening up on us,
但是当我们经过伏击地点时 我们一起开火了 but we coetieued blazing away as we got past the ambush site.
（射击不断） (gunshots continue)
我们说 好吧 这只是刚刚尝到滋味 We said, “All right, that was just a taste of what’s coming.
一旦我们到达河道最窄的部分 ‘Once we hit the absolute narrowest portion,
那时危险才真正到来 ‘that’s where we’re going to really be in danger.
把弹药堆起来 因为这些很难看 Stack the ammo because this ones gonna be ugly.
船上的人很害怕 The peopie on the boat were scared.
我们不得不穿过岛屿间的狭窄通道 We had to go through narrow channels between the islands.
如果我们真的会被击中 它会在那里 If we’re gonna really get hit,it’ll be there.
但就在那时 天空中乌云形成 But just at that point,dark clouds formed in the Sky
下起了倾盆大雨 and it started raining like hell.
（瓢泼大雨） (rain posriag(
从船尾看不到登陆艇的船头 Could sot see the bow of the landing craft trom the stern,
那是60英尺 and that’s 60 feet.
雨水击打河水的声音 The noise of the rain hitting the water on the river
淹没了船引擎的声音 was so loud that it muffled the sound of our engines.
这种情况持续了大约25分钟 And this continued on for about 25 minutes.
这段时间足够我们 It was long enough to get us through
度过旅途中最危险的部分 the most dangerous part of the trip.
随着雨势开始减弱 And as the rain started to let ap,
我们已经越过海峡到达了那片水域 we had reached the area of the river past the channel,
穿过一些小岛 past the little islands,
在那里它又变成了一条宽阔的河流 where it opened up into a broad river again.
所以那天有人照顾我们 So somebody was looking out for us that day.
我记得回头看湄公河三角洲的落日 I remember looking back at the sun setting
真是一个美丽的地方 over the Mekong Delta,which is a beautiful place,
想着"好吧 我再也看不到这个了" and thinking, “Well,Ill never see this again.”
我觉得对越南特别依恋 I had gotten very attached to Vietnam.
当我们来到南中国海时 As we came out into the South China Sea,
天黑了 时不时地 it got dark,and every now and then,
我会发射几枚照明弹 I would fire off a coupln of flarns,
只是希望也许有一艘船在那里 just in hopes that, you know,maybe there is a ship Oat there.
但什么也没有 Nothiog
然后我们看到地平线上有微弱的光 And then we saw a faint light on the horizon,
当我们更靠近一点时 and as we got a little bit closer,
我们可以看到它们是船上索具的灯光 we could see that they were the lights of a ships rigging.
所以我们说 什么鬼东西？ So we said, What the heck?
所以我们向它去 So we made for it.
我们来到旁边 We came up alongside
有人喊道"扔掉你的武器" and somebody shouted,“Get rid of your weapoes.
Nobody comes aboard with weapons.” 不许有人带武器上船
So I yelled, ‘We’re Marines 所以我喊道
我们是海军陆战队 我们要带着武器上船 and wnrn coming aboard with our weaposs.’
大喊大叫的人是海军陆战队的 Well, as it turned out, the guys yelling down were Marines.
这是一艘美国货船 先驱竞争者号 It was an American freighter,the Pioneer Contender.
他们让我们上船 They took us aboard
我身边有300个人 And I had 300 people with me.
他们把他们带进了船舱 They got them into the hold of the ship.
我们所有的越南人都留在了先锋号上 All our Vietnamese remained on the Pioneer Contender.
我们确信他们受到照顾 We made sure they were taken care of
先锋竞争者要去关岛 and the Pioneer Contender was going to Guam.
我知道我们安全了 We knew they were safe
当我们开始撤退 When we started the evacuation
我们情不自禁地欢呼雀跃 we were very,very excited about it.
下一个情绪可能就是 Then your next emotion probably was
决心配合完成撤退的任务 just determined to get this job done and get these people out.
随着任务的进行你变得身心交瘁 沮丧万千 And then,later as it went on you became fatigued
因为你在人潮中停滞不前 and frustrated that you could never make a dent in the amount
他们都来自大使馆 of people that were coming out of the embassy.
你会问这样的问题 人群有没有缩减 You'd ask questions like,was the crowd getting any smaller?
"我们什么时候才能离开这里" 没错 "When are we going to finish this?" you know.
他们会说 And they'd say,
"你要知道 我们听命于大使 "You know,we're under orders from the Ambassador.
鞠躬尽瘁 死而后已罢了" We're doing the best we can."
航母驾驶员们在说着 Carrier pilots were saying,
看 那是一片不可控的海域 look,it's an uncontrollable sea of people
马丁大使已经不能保持客观理性了 and Ambassador Martin has lost his objectivity,
他试图疏散现在 that Ambassador Martin is trying to evacuate
驻西贡大使馆的所有民众 all of Saigon through the U.S. embassy.
在如此恶劣的形势之下 他已经尽力了 But he was doing his best under terrible circumstances.
马丁大使在时间拖延上 Ambassador Martin was dragging out the evacuation
乔瑟夫·麦克布莱德
已经做了最大的努力 as long as he could
致力于搭救更多的越南民众 to get as many South Vietnamese out as possible.
每架直升机可搭救40人左右 Each helicopter took about 40 people.
他清楚一旦在越美国人撤退完毕 He knew that once the Americans were gone,
整个撤退行动就会结束 the evacuation would be over.
所以他每次只让一两个美国人登机 So they just put one or two Americans on each one.
当时太累了并不能拨云见日地看清这件事 You're very tired and you're not seeing an end to this thing.
所以我来还原事实真相 So I got the word out,
"你看 我们需要帮助 "You know,we could use some help out here.
我们只有75架直升机" We only have 75 helicopters."
很快反驳的声音传来"不 And the word comes back,"No.
不 飞行员都要累趴了 No,Marine pilots don't get tired."
回到大使馆在大使的指挥下 Back at the embassy under the Ambassador's direction,
我们自然又占据了优势 we,of course,were taking advantage
飞机出现后 先安排受惊的民众登机 of the presence of the aircraft to evacuate threatened folks.
但为了就难民 我们还另外做了一些努力 But there were other independent efforts to get people out.
美国大使馆
大使馆的一部分人同意用货车 Several of us at the embassy agreed that we would drive vans
麦克布莱德
码头
把难民载到西贡河码头 down to the docks on the Saigon River.
我在西贡中部安排了一个指定的集合地点 I had an assigned assembly point in the middle of Saigon,
并往一辆九人货车里塞了15个难民 and I crammed about 15 people into a nine-person van
沿着西贡的街道疾驰而去 and then drove through the streets of Saigon
历经重重关卡到达码头 through various checkpoints down to the docks.
人们从车上下来 People would get out
奔走寻找商用船只来搭载他们 and go running for these commercial boats and get on.
我来回拉了很多趟 I made a number of runs and there'd just be more
然而难民也越来越多 and more and more people.
最后 太阳落山时 Finally,as the sun was going down,
我们看不清路了 we were running out of light.
一个男人走向我 Man came up to me.
我转向他说道"这是最后一趟 I turned to him and said,"This is my last load.
我 你知道的 我做不了更多了" I,you know,I can't take anymore."
我说"好了 带上你的家人" I said,"Well,get your family."
他说"我不能这么做" And he said,"Can't do it.
"我的家人太多了" "My family's too big.
"我的家人太多了" My family's too big."
他只是握着我的手说"谢谢你的好意" And he just shook my hand and said,"Thanks for trying,"
就走开了 and walked away.
我回到大使馆停好货车 So I came back to the embassy and parked the van.
此时暮色熹微 It was already getting well into twilight.
我穿过拥挤的人群 Got my way through the crowd.
那真是摩肩接踵 寸步难行 It was a big crowd.
我已经尽心尽力了 I had nothing more I could do.
所以我登上了直升机 So I went to get on the helicopter
马丁大使把我拉上去说道 and Ambassador Martin pulled me out of line and he said,
"我知道你所做的一切" "I know what you've been doing."
"我知道你奔波劳累" "I know you've been out there."
"我们一定要好好聊聊 "We've been talking.
我要好好谢谢你" I want to thank you."
我视其为一种善意的表示 I thought that was a kind gesture.
夜幕降临了 By that time it was definitely dark.
直升机的灯光 The lights of the...of the helicopter inside
打的舱内一派通明 radiated very clearly.
我坐下来 环顾四周 I sat down,looked around.
我是可能仅有的两三个美国人当中的一个 I was one of maybe two or three Americans.
其余的全都是越南民众 The rest were all Vietnamese.
我们飞往夜色深处 And we flew out.
当时一片昏暗 It was very dark.
我记忆犹新 I remember that.
人们开始互相推搡 And people started to elbow each other and try to get
都想挤到前面去 in the front line.
就在这时赫林顿机长开始讲话 And that's when the Captain Herrington started
用越南语 speaking to us in Vietnamese.
"一个都不会落下" "Nobody is going to be left behind."
他接着说道"你们在美国大使馆的时候 And then he said,"When you are in American embassy,
你们同样是站在美国的领地上 "you are in American soil.
我向你们保证 我和我的战士们将会是 "I promise,me and my soldier will be the last one
最后离开大使馆的人" leave the embassy."
听完这个宣告 每个人绷紧的神经放松了 So after that announcement everybody feel relaxed.
逐字斟酌一番 我们都长舒了一口气 Literally,we totally relaxed.
没什么好担忧的 We have nothing to worry about.
是的 Yeah.
我们被告知 We were told
北越部队的坦克正在迅速地逼近我们 that the North Vietnamese tanks were coming very close.
我们问道 我们当时在白宫 So we asked,we in the White House,asked
询问美国国防部还有多少南越民众被留下 the Defense Department how many South Vietnamese were left.
"留下"意味着留在大使馆的内部 "Left" meant inside the embassy compound.
接下来我们计算搭救出他们 And then we calculated how many helicopters
还需要多少架直升机 it would take to get them out.
我们通知马丁必须乘坐最后一辆直升机离开 We told Martin that he had to be on the last helicopter.
我所了解的是在华盛顿 All I know is that in Washington
地面上的人数尚不明确 there was confusion about the numbers on the ground.
凌晨1:00 还有1000个难民等待救援 At 1:00 a.m. there were 1,100 people left to evacuate.
我们派出了一大批直升机 After we'd had a flurry of choppers
救走了半数以上的难民 and cleaned out more than half of them
还剩下420个难民 and there were 420 people left,
我们接到来自华盛顿的指示 we received an order from Washington
疏散结束 that the lift was over
而不是只疏散留下的美国人 other than the extraction of the remaining Americans.
大约在凌晨4:00 4:30 About 4:00 in the morning,4:30,
我再次着陆在蓝岭号上 I land on the USS Blue Ridge again.
而葛雷上校也再一次走出来 递给我一个苹果 So,General Carey comes out,gives me an apple
一杯咖啡以及一些其他的什么东西并说道 and a cup of coffee or something and says,
我们奉总统之命等待于此 "We're under orders from the President.
请带大使离开 You got to get the Ambassador out."
因此我们飞近 So we fly in.
我在屋顶着陆的时间正好是凌晨4:50 I land on the roof exactly at 4:50 in the morning and I said,
"大使登机之后我才会离开"我如是说 "I'm not leaving until the Ambassador's onboard."
一名海军把国旗降下 折叠放好 One of the Marines lowered the flag,folded it up
然后护送大使到达登陆区 and escorted the Ambassador up to the landing zone
在大使馆的屋顶 up on top of the embassy
把国旗交给了他 and he gave him the flag
嗯 就是这些了 and,uh,that was it.
基恩少校走向麦迪森少校说道 Major Kean came to Colonel Madison,said,"No more.
"足够了 从此刻起只允许美国人登机" Only Americans from this point on."
麦迪森回应道"信口胡言 And Madison said,"The hell you say.
是我们将他们逼入了现在的境地" We've got these people over here."
而基恩说"先生 不可能了 And Kean said,"Sir,not going to happen.
这是总统的指示" It's a presidential order."
麦迪森反击道"那我必须要和大使先生谈一谈了" And Madison said,"I'll take this up with the Ambassador."
他现在可是怒气冲冲 He was very hot under the collar.
基恩说道"你不能这么做 他在那" And Kean said,"You can't,that's him,"
他指向刚刚飞走CH-46海骑士直升机 and pointed to the CH-46 that was just flying away.
大使在飞机上 So the Ambassador's on board.
然后我们离开了 And out we go.
降落在蓝岭号上 We land on the Blue Ridge.
15或者20 可能有25个人跟着大使一起下了飞机 15 or 20,maybe 25 people get off with the Ambassador
撤退行动至此结束 and that was the end of it.
我直飞了18.3个小时 I flew 18.3 hours straight through.
葛雷恩·马丁看起来疲惫不堪 困倦之极 Graham Martin looked very tired,extremely haggard.
我是说 他看起来...我确信他身负多重压力 I mean,he looked like... I'm sure the pressure was immense.
你准备什么时间停止撤退 And at what time were you to cease evacuation?
停止撤退 Cease evacuation?
在接到大使之前我们会一直进行救援 We could still be flying if we hadn't gotten the Ambassador out
因为他拒绝停止疏散难民 because he refused to stop the lift.
我认为是3:00 I think about 3:00.
凌晨3:00吗 3:00 in the morning?
不 3:45 No,3:45.
麦迪森上校对我说"我们完了 Colonel Madison says to me,"We're screwed.
斯图 你就待在下面的停车场 "Stu,you stay down here in the parking lot
务必稳住这420个难民... and keep these 420 people warm"...
如果他们看到我们所有人同时离开了 Meaning if they see us all leave at the same time
他们肯定会陷入恐慌..." 你自己想办法上屋顶 they'll panic... "and then make your way to the roof.
我们得走了" We gotta go."
他怒不可遏却又黯然失色 And he was very angry and very disappointed.
他们消失在大使馆中 So they disappeared into the embassy.
我到达遗留难民的所在地 And I went to where the remaining Vietnamese
他们依然在等待而我将告知他们 who were waiting and told them...
"大型直升机马上就到" 请稍候片刻 "Big helicopters about to come," and waited a few minutes.
紧接着我看到一架直升机起飞 Then I saw a chopper take off and I thought,
"妈的 难道我不应该在那架飞机上吗"我暗想 "Shit,was I supposed to be on that one?"
于是我注视着这些越南民众说道... So,I looked at the Vietnamese and I said...
"我要去方便一下" "I got to take a leak."
便遁入了阴影之中 And I left into the shadows.
我采取迂回的路线绕着离开 I made my way around in a circuitous route
进入大使馆 and went into the embassy.
我想着这样做真是罪大恶极 I thought about how this really,really was wrong.
或许我应该只说"我不会离开 I thought maybe I should just say,"I'm not leaving
直到他们被接走 因为我已经承诺过了 till they go,because I promised them."
随即我又想"别当一个傻瓜 And then I said,"Don't be a fool.
或许他们已经开始击毁直升机了 "Maybe they've started shooting down helicopters
因为就你所知 "for all you know.
你不可以救助任何一个人 "You're not going to get anybody else out.
这是总统的命令 "It's a presidential order.
这个决定只能被执行" This decision has been made."
我到达屋顶 一架CH-46海骑士直升机降落于此 So,I got to the roof and a CH-46 alighted on the rooftop,
放下扶梯然后我们登机了 put its ramp down and we got on board.
起飞时舱门一直开着 As it took off,the door was open.
低飞过停车场 And down in the parking lot
我能看到420个难民 I could see the group of 420 of them.
他们的担心是对的 这群集结者被我们遗弃 They were right were we had left them marshaled
在这一小块草地上 on this little patch of grass.
我感到懊恼万分 I felt absolutely awful.
是如此...沉重而彻底的背叛 It was just so... serious and deep a betrayal.
深夜我十分惊讶地接到了一个电话 Later that night I was quite surprised that I got
去"靠近旗舰这边 a call to "Come alongside the flagship.
上校想跟你说几句" The Admiral wants to speak to you."
我当时的第一反应 就像许多指挥官一样 My first reaction,as any CO,
是"我们做错了什么" is,"What did we do?"
并没有意识到我们已经被选去执行一项特别任务 not realizing we had been picked for a special mission.
我们本该确定人选 We were supposed to pick up this person.
他约摸30岁的年纪 登船 身着便装 He was 30 years old,came aboard,civilian clothes.
而船长已被告知 And the Captain was just told
听从这个人的指挥 to take his direction from this guy.
我登上柯尔克号见到了保罗·雅各船长 I went aboard the Kirk and met with Captain Paul Jacobs.
他对我说的第一件事就是 And the first thing he said to me is,
"年轻人 我不习惯 "Young man,I'm not accustomed
这些陌生的民众带着武器 "to strange civilians coming aboard my ship armed
大半夜上我的船" in the middle of the night."
我说道"尊敬的船长 我向你保证我也是" And I said,"Captain,I assure you,neither am I."
他的气场就像一个海军军官 He smelled like a Naval officer,you know.
你知道的 一个官员往往能通过气场识别出另外一个官员 You know,one officer can smell another one.
我从蓝皮书里查到了他 So,I looked him up in the blue book.
毕业于美国海军学校 He's a graduate of the Naval Academy.
从那刻起我们放下了戒备 So from that point on we were fine.
"你想做什么" "What do you want to do?"
我们团结合作 And we worked together as a team.
我们顺流直下至昆山岛 We steamed down to Con Son Island and we could see
看到雷达上出现了许多亮点 on the radar display that there were a lot of blips.
正是黎明破晓 日出地中之时 And I remember dawn breaking and the sun coming up,
我盯着雷达荧幕上的显示 and seeing what I had seen as a radar display in person.
许多船只 There were dozens of ships.
不仅仅是越南海军 And not just Vietnamese naval ships,
还有平民们的船 but also civilian ships.
船上全部都塞满了人 And they were all totally crammed with people.
难以言表 There are no words to describe
一艘看起来可以仅容纳200人的船 what a ship looks like that holds 200
上面挤着2000人 and it's got 2,000 on it.
没人能理解其震撼程度 I don't think anybody really understood the magnitude of it
直到这一幕摆在我们眼前 until we looked at what we got in front of us.
就像大规模的迁徙 It looked like something out of Exodus.
我们的任务就是协助这些船只进入公海海域 Our mission was to help the ships into international waters.
但是现在包括所有的难民 But now they had all these people.
我的第一反应就是"究竟该如何完成" My reaction is,"How the hell are we going to do this?"
水上的大部分越南军舰已经瘫痪了 Most of the Vietnamese Navy ships were dead in the water,
有的已经抛锚 有的只是四处漂浮 some were anchored,some were just adrift.
我们派出了工程师 技术人员 So,we sent over our engineering,technical people
看能不能帮上什么让他们重新起航 to see what we could do to help them and get them underway.
其中一些船只被西贡河下游的 Some of these ships had been hit by enemy fire
敌军炮火击中 coming down the Saigon River
其中一艘船被撞沉了 One of the boats had been hit and sinking,
所以它和另一艘越南海军舰艇并排行驶 so it went alongside one of the other Vietnamese Navy ships.
为了受损船只上的平民和海军人员 A wooden plank was thrown between the two ships
在两艘船之间扔了一块木板 for the civilians and naval personnel on the damaged ship
好让他们过来 to cross onto the ship that wasnt.
海面波涛汹涌 这是一条有点危险的通道 The seas were rolling and it was a somewhat precarioas passage.
我记得 当一个年轻女孩走过这块木板时 At one point,a young Vietnamese man panicked
一个年轻的越南男人惊慌失措 as a young girl, I remember,was walking across this plank,
他冲到了她前面 and he kind of rushed ahead of her
她掉在两船之间 and she fell bntwnnn the two ships.
显然其中一个越南人推了女孩 Appareetly one of the Vietnamese men pushed a girl
她死了 She was killed.
她在两艘船之间淹死了 She was drowned between the two ships,
这几乎引起了恐慌 and that almost started a panic.
一名越南水兵立即射杀了这个家伙 A Vietnamese sailor immediately shot this guy,
秩序恢复了 and thee order was restored.
他们说 在这艘船上不会有推挤 They said, ‘There will be no pushing and there will be no shoving on this ship.’
从那以后 人们平静多了 People calmed down greatly after that.
我们制定了一个把船队驶向菲律宾的计划 We had worked a plan out to sail the ships to the Philippines.
由柯尔克号护航 And the Kirk was going to escort them.
但事实是 难以计数的难民 But the fact that they're going to be crammed
使得它们拥挤不堪 with an unknown number of civilians
这是问题的症结所在 was somewhat problematic.
美国政府已经存在一个难民问题了 The U.S. government already had a refugee problem
在美军军舰上 with the U.S. Naval ships.
有另外的3000及以上的民众亦待解决 This was another 30,000 or more people to deal with.
我们通宵达旦地讨论这件事 We were up all night talking about it.
而且我确信一件事 无论我们是遣回还是带走这些难民 And I'm convinced that if we sent them back or took them back
他们全部都只有死路一条 they would have killed them all.
阿米蒂奇决定带他们回来 And Armitage decided to bring them.
他没有获取白宫的许可 And he didn't get permission from Washington to do that.
我认为相对而言 祈求宽恕 I thought it was a lot easier to beg forgiveness
要比获得许可容易得多 than to get permission.
主意既已拿定 So the decision was made.
所有人都跟我们在一起 And they all went with us.
我们最终摆脱掉这批最后的难民 We had finally got out the last of the refugees
我们出来了 that we could get out.
现在我们必须撤退海军陆战队 Now we had to evacuate the Marines.
他们还在大使馆大楼 They were all inside the embassy building except for us.
我在两个士兵的陪同下仍留大使馆 I was still on the embassy grounds with two of my sergeants
我说"你们两个必须在我左右 and I said,"You two stay right with me.
寸步不离" Don't leave my side."
我们慢慢朝着使馆大门后退 We slowly walked backwards to the embassy door
越南民众很快蜂拥而至 and a couple of Vietnamese came towards me.
我说 我们没有多余的直升机了 I said,"We have no more helicopters.
真的 "That's it.
很抱歉 "I'm sorry.
不能带走你们" We cannot take you."
他们开始同我争论 And they began to argue with me.
他们也说着一口流利的英语 They spoke good English,too.
我们可以搭乘你们这架直升机 "We can ride in your helicopter."
我说"对不起 满员了" I said,"I'm sorry,no more."
然后我们转身撞开了门 So we spun around and slammed these huge doors,
又把门反锁上 and we locked it from behind.
我半梦半醒中 I kind of fall asleep off and on,
被一声巨响惊醒 but what gets me woke up is the noise.
那是一种不同寻常的声响 It's a different noise.
我抬头望去 So I kind of look up.
映入视野的第一幕就是 And the first thing in my sight was
围墙上一个士兵都没有了 I didn't see that soldier there anymore on that wall.
人们正把扔毯子 夹克衫 There were people throwing blankets or jackets
和物品扔到带刺的铁丝网上 and materials over the barbed wire
试图爬进来 so they can climb over the wire to come in.
"士兵们都去哪儿了" It was like,"Where are the soldiers?"
我们开始上楼 We were going up the stairs.
我听到下面接踵而来爬楼的脚步声 步履如飞 Below me I could hear feet running on the stairway.
我们到达顶楼 瓦尔德斯军士长在那 When we got to the roof,Master Sergeant Valdez was there.
他问道"人都到齐了吗" He says,"We got everybody?"
"是的" "Yeah."
我说"大人 有些人在我们后面穷追不舍" I said,"Man,there's somebody chasing me up those stairs."
顶楼上有几个壁橱 There were wall lockers up on the roof
有一些大型带轮的灭火器 and those big fire extinguishers with wheels so we tilted
所以我们把所有的壁橱和灭火器摞起来 all those wall lockers and the fire extinguishers,
用它们支住门 put them against the door.
有一个小窗户我们可以看到他们 There was a little window there that we could see them in there,
所有的越南民众争先恐后的爬上来 all the Vietnamese trying to get to the roof.
直升机到了 海军陆战队要撤退了 The Marines started going out as choppers came in.
突然间 直升机 Then all of a sudden choppers all cease.
我们11个人仍留在这 There was 11 of us still left there.
汇报工作一直拖延到撤退结束才进行 The briefing was delayed until the evacuation was completed
最后一架直升机还在空中盘旋 and the last helicopters are now in the air.
总统赞扬了武装部的全体战士 The President commends the personnel of the armed forces
完成这项任务的 还有葛雷恩·马丁大使 who accomplished it,as well as Ambassador Graham Martin
以及他大使团的爱将 and the staff of his mission who served so well
他们备尝艰辛 under difficult conditions.
我们获知马丁留在最后一架直升机上 We were told that Martin had left on the last helicopter
至此撤退才结束 and that the evacuation had ended.
我相信 每一个想回来的美国人 I'm confident that every American who wanted to come out
都回来了 is out.
我们举行了简报会 So we held a briefing.
结果表明那并不是最后一架直升机 Well,turned out not to be the last helicopter
令人震惊地搞砸了 because there was another horrendous screw-up.
没有直升机了 There were no helicopters.
你知道吗 我们围坐在一起 You know,we were just kind of sitting down around
面面相觑 looking at each other,
思索着 接下来会发生什么 wondering,you know,what's going to happen here,
如你所想的 他们是否已经把我们忘得一干二净了 you know,whether they truly had forgotten about us.
我打开无线电开始呼救"美国海军 美国海军 So I got on my radio and I began saying,"U.S. Navy,U.S. Navy,
美国大使馆 收到请立即回复" American embassy,request extraction immediate."
我重复了一遍一遍又一遍 And I repeated this over and over and over.
我们唯一的选择就是傻坐在这个破顶楼上面 The only option we had was sit on the stupid roof
像瓮中之鼈 like a sitting duck.
我还在揣测 北越军队在哪儿 And I kept thinking,"Where are the North Vietnamese?"
约在清晨7:45你开始能看到 About 7:45 in the morning you could start seeing
北越军队攻进了附近的街道 North Vietnamese coming down the road.
我思考的是"如果炸弹投掷到大使馆屋顶 My thoughts were,"What's to keep them from bombing
我该怎样保护自己不被炸飞" 你能想到吗 the top of the embassy roof and blowing us off," you know?
坦克要发射了 A tank is going to take one shot.
一旦炸弹飞到大使馆 你就完了 If it hits the building,you're gone.
所以我并不想一直留在这上面 So I didn't like the idea of being up there,
但是还有其他去处吗 but where else are you going to go?
经过苦苦寻觅我终于发现了一个小黑点 Finally I looked out and I saw a black dot.
那架直升机着陆之后 我招呼陆战队员们 When that chopper landed,I told the Marines,
"快走 登上去" "Go. Get in."
我是最后一个上去的 I was the last one out.
在我登上扶梯的那一刻 我跌倒了 And as I was putting my foot on the ramp,I fell down,
我吊在上面而扶梯正在上升 and I'm just hanging on and the ramp's going up.
就要关闭了 The ramp is closing
我照着第一次训练的时候做的那样...数人 and I did what I was trained in my first tour... count.
我数"1 2 3 4 5 6...10 So I went,"One,two,three,four,five,six... ten.
10 "Ten?
1 2 3 4 5 6...10 "One,two,three,four,five,six... ten.
10" Ten."
我注视着机长说道"放下扶梯" And I looked at the crew chief and I said,"Put it down."
我清楚我们少了一个人 I knew I was missing one man.
我记得当时看向扶梯的时候 I remember looking at the ramp
有两只手扒在上面 and two hands were over the top of it.
陆战队员们就抓住了我 So the Marines just kind of grabbed me
然后我被拉了上去 and then just pulled me in.
我们离开了 手表显示是西贡时间7:58 We left,by my watch,at 7:58 Saigon time.
我们是最后的11个人 And we were the last 11.
我的摄影师 尼尔·大卫斯 我决定留下来 My cameraman,Neil Davis,and I decided to stay.
我们看着最后一架直升机从顶楼离开 We saw the last helicopter leave from the roof.
我们试图凭藉一己之力爬进大使馆 We then tried to scramble into the embassy ourselves.
尼尔到达了顶楼 Neil got to the roof.
而我没有做到 I did not.
他看到了乌压压的一片越南民众 And he saw dozens of Vietnamese
坐在大使馆顶楼的直升飞机起落坪上 just sitting on the helicopter pad on the roof of the embassy,
等待着 等待着救援 waiting,wanting to get out.
不过当然 直升机不会再来了 And of course no more helicopters were going to come.
我不会加入他们的 I didn't join them.
我实在...害怕 I actually... scared.
如果共产主义者进来 If the Communists come in,
我们最不希望他们看到的 the last thing we want them to see us
就是我们身处美国大使馆 is in the American embassy.
所以我们出去了 So we get out.
大使馆人来人往 People were coming in and out of the buildings.
确实 没有什么物品足够结实 Literally,anything that could not be fastened down
或者说没有什么物品是结实到拿不走的 or was not fastened down was being taken away.
大使办公室里所有的纪念品 Any souvenirs from the Ambassador's office
一扫而光 were taken away.
就差把大使馆拆成一砖一瓦了 Almost brick by brick the embassy was being dismantled.
里面被洗劫一空 It was ordinary looting.
但是更主要的是 这令我感到悲愤交加 But more than that,I think it was just frustration and anger
他们视其为一个索回的机会 可能是 针对美国人 and an opportunity to get back,perhaps,at the Americans
因为在当天那些人看来 because in the view of many in that crowd that day,
是我们抛弃了他们 we had deserted them.
美国国家广播公司驻外记者吉姆·劳里 NBC news correspondent Jim Laurie
是留在西贡的仅有的几个美国人当中的一个 is one of the few Americans still left in Saigon,
杨文明总统通过无线电 in the city when President Duong Van Minh went on the radio
告知越共 and told the Viet Cong
他们的国家只能无条件投降 that his country would surrender unconditionally
并让越共游击队放下武器 and that he had told its army to lay down its arms.
这是来自西贡电台联播的 Here from Saigon radio hookup
投降现场的劳里的报导 is Laurie's report on the surrender.
用胡志明市总领事的话说"我们在这里交出政权 In the words of General Minh,"We are here to hand over
是因为不想看到血流成河" the power of government to you in order to avoid bloodshed."
这属于一种单方面停火的无条件投降 It is a unilateral ceasefire and an unconditional surrender.
南越30年的战火终于停息了 The 30-year war in South Vietnam is at last over.
我做的第一件事就是销毁档 The first thing I did was to destroy my documents,
还有徽章 仅仅保留了一个平民编号 my badges,just keeping the civilian ID.
我在西贡到处奔走想知道发生了什么 And then I went around Saigon to see what happened.
我看到难以累计的南越士兵只穿着内裤 I saw a lot of South Vietnamese soldiers in underwear.
他们脱掉了军装和靴子 They took off all their military clothes,boots,
都扔掉了 and they threw them away.
我思忖着 他们还会遭遇什么 And I thought,well,what would happen to them?
或者说我 我自己呢 And to me,to myself.
是的 Right.
我想起了我阵亡的朋友们 我还想问 I thought of my friends who were killed in action and I thought,
"这就是我们战斗的成果吗" "Well,is this what we fought for?"
"这就是美国人不远万里的所图吗" "Is this what the Americans came for?"
我没有答案 And I didn't have the answer.
自那时起我一直苦苦思索 I have wrestled with this ever since.
我意识到我已经成为 I realized that I had become
在越美国人的典型 the quintessential American in Vietnam.
我综合所有的情况 I had all these causes,all these big things I was doing.
我试图去华盛顿找回事实的真相 I was trying to get the truth back to Washington.
我同密探交谈 试图说服大使 I was talking to agents,trying to persuade the Ambassador,
但是我忘记了在利害攸关的时刻生命为何物 and I forgot that what was at stake were human lives.
很多年过去了 我脑海中有一个声音萦绕不绝 For years after that,I hear that sound in my head,
听起来就像"突突突突突突" that sound like,"Tchk-tchk-tchk-tchk-tchk."
我在午夜惊醒 In the middle of the night I just jump up.
恍惚中以为直升机来接我 I thought the helicopter come pick me up.
我想说"往事如梦梦如风" I called it "dream in the wind."
随后我们发现外面有一支巨型舰队 Later we found out the big fleet is out there.
你可以乘船过去 You can just take a boat and go there.
他们什么人都拉 They take everybody.
走出去 你就可以上船 If you can get out there,you're on board.
我并不理解 And I just didn't know that.
所以... You know,so...
当我们带着难民抵达菲律宾的时候 As we approached the Philippines with our refugees,
有一个大问题 there was a big problem.
他们不准我们上岸 They wouldn't let us in.
而不准我们上岸的原因 And the reason they wouldn't let us in is
是当地政府已经认可了 because the government there had recognized
越南的新政权 the new regime in Vietnam
而我们护送的海军船只上 and these Navy ships we were escorting,
全部飘扬着南越的国旗 they were all flying South Vietnamese flags.
解决方法是所有船只降旗 And the solution was to reflag all these ships
像美国船只一样 as American ships.
我请求美国海军上将
允许我们做一次
降旗仪式
我唱过很多次国歌了
但是从来没有
今天的这种感觉
我42岁了 行将就木之年
我没法控制住自己的眼泪
我意识到我一无所有了
我失去了我最爱的祖国
他们降下了越南国旗 一片恸哭声 They lowered their Vietnamese flag,people crying.
失去国家是何其伤感 It was very emotional for them to lose their country,
他们的国旗 他们的船 their flag,their ship.
一无所有了 Everything was gone.
随即我们升起了美国国旗 And then we raised the American flag.
以从未有过的庄重之情 肃然起敬 We tried to do that with as much dignity as we could.
千千万万的美国人 There were thousands and thousands of Americans
结束越南的服役拖着一颗破碎的心回到家中 who served in Vietnam who were sitting at home heartbroken
看着所有的一切化为泡影 at watching this whole thing come to naught.
1975年4月末... The end of April of 1975 was...
是整个越南后期发展的缩影 the whole Vietnam involvement in microcosm...
千金一诺 一夕破灭 Promises made in good faith,promises broken;
他们黯然神伤是因为我们没有履行生死与共的诺言 people being hurt because we didn't get our act together.
你看 整个越南战争 You know,the whole Vietnam War
听起来就像是一个故事 is a story that kind of sounds like that.
另一方面 确实会有那么几个重要的时刻 But on the other hand,sometimes there are moments
要求优秀的人必须随机应变 when good people have to rise to the occasion
去做那些需要做的事情 and do the things that need to be done.
而在西贡 这样的人只多不少 And in Saigon,there was no shortage of people like that.
在越战的最后几天里 有13万名南越人想要出逃 包括77000名在这部电影里所描述的人
留下的那些 有千百人被送到了再教育营地
许多人死于疾病和饥饿
还有不知名的那些被处决的人
在菲律宾着陆后 Kiem Do和他的妻儿重聚了
第二年 他们到达了美国
Binh Pho被拘留到了再教育营地里 在那里呆了一年多
1979年他坐船从越南出逃 到了美国
Dam Pham被拘留到了再教育营地
辛苦劳动13年之后 被释放 之后去了美国